Origins of Life

The Earth's early atmosphere was primarily composed of carbon dioxide. What type of organism could survive in these harsh conditions?

• Aerobic (oxygen breathing) Prokaryotes

• Aerobic (oxygen breathing) Eukaryotes

• Complex multicellular organisms

• Photosynthetic Prokaryotes

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The theory of Endosymbiosis explains:

• The origin of eukaryotes

• How bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance

• How species develop

• That all cells come from existing cells

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Miller/Urey and other scientists studying the origin of life have shown that:

• Formation of life on early Earth required material from space

• Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory using spontaneous generation

• Oxygen and water were present in the atmosphere to support life

• Organic molecules like amino acids and nucleotides could be produced from abiotic/inorganic molecules

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Which of the following caused the addition of oxygen to Earth's atmosphere?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Photosynthesis by cyanobacteria

• Meteorite impacts

• The development of animals

Which came first?

• Eukaryotes

• Prokaryotes

• Plants

• Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes evolved around the same time

Which came first?

• Organic molecules

• Genetic code (DNA)

• Prokaryotes

• Eukaryotes

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Which describes spontaneous generation?

• All cells come from other cells

• Prokaryotes endocytosed other prokaryotes to form eukaryotes

• Creation of life from nonliving materials

• Evolution through natural selection

Which came last?

• formation of prokaryotic bacteria cells

• evolution of complex multicellular organisms like plants, animals, and fungi

• endosymbiosis to form eukaryotic cells like protists

• synthesis of a cell membrane and development of a genetic code

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Which describes biogenesis?

• All cells are formed through reproduction from other cells

• Prokaryotes endocytosed other prokaryotes to form eukaryotes

• Creation of life from nonliving materials

• Eukaryotes endocytosed other eukaryotes to form prokaryotes

Which of the following is NOT an ingredient Miller and Urey use to model early Earth conditions?

• Oxygen gas

• Lightning/electricity

• Gases like CH4 and NH3

• Water

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