Ecology STAAR Review

How does human development of land effect the carrying capacity in a given area for a species other than humans?

• It is unaffected.
• It increases but then quickly decreases.
• It is decreased.
• It is increased.

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How would a disease that infects and kills jerboa most directly affect the given food web above?

• Leafcutter ant populations would compete more for food.

• The biomass of rattlesnakes and lizards would increase.

• Rattlesnake, badger, and lizard populations would likely decrease.

• Raptor and coyote populations would likely increase.

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According to the graph shown, what effect did the brown tree snake have on the birds in Guam?

• The snakes had no effect on the bird populations.

• The snakes caused a decline in the number of bird populations.

• The snakes formed a mutualistic relationship with the birds.

• The snakes caused an increase in the number of bird populations.

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How would an increase in prey effect the carrying capacity of a particular ecosystem?

• It would decrease.
• It would have no effect.
• It would decrease suddenly and then slowly increase.
• It would increase.

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How would a sudden increase in parasites, within a population, affect the population's growth?

• The birth rate would increase.
• The growth rate would continue at a steady pace.
• The growth rate would be unaffected.
• The death rate would increase.

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Which of the following is the most crucial role of fungi in a balanced ecosystem?

• They act as autotrophs that turn energy from the Sun into glucose and oxygen.
• They serve as decomposers and recycle nutrients.
• They serve as tertiary consumers.
• They serve as primary producers.

Analyze the food web above. What are two roles that bacteria have in the environment?

• Nitrogen fixation and decomposing dead matter

• Recycling nutrients and producing O2 for atmosphere

• Photosynthesis and development of new antibiotics

• Nitrogen fixation and preserving dead matter

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Some bacteria benefit mammals by helping with

• Growth
• Defense
• Digestion
• Respiration

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Some bacteria benefit mammals by helping with digestion. When a person becomes ill with a bacterial infection a doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Certain antibiotics cause patients to exhibit digestive side effects. These side effects are most often the result of —

• bacteria being killed in the digestive tract
• the antibiotics being converted into stomach acids
• too much water being drawn into the digestive tract
• the stomach wall being torn

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In what manner do bacteria cause disease?

• They damage tissues and release toxins.
• They cause cracks in the skin, which allows dirt to enter.
• They generate heat that kills nearby cells.
• They integrate themselves into the host cell’s DNA.