Heredity (Part 1)

Every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits. This information is carried with the cells of the organism. Which set of statements BEST describes hereditary information in eukaryotic cells?

• Genes are made up of chromosomes and both are found in the cell’s cytoplasm.

• Chromosomes are made up of genes and both are found in the cell’s cytoplasm.

• Genes are made up of chromosomes and both are found in the cell’s nucleus.

• Chromosomes are made up of genes and both are found in the cell’s nucleus.

Models can help answer some, but not all, scientific questions. Which scientific question below can be BEST answered by using a model?

• How do wolves communicate with each other?

• How does temperature affect the rate of water evaporation?

• How do the positions of the sun and the tilt of the Earth cause seasons?

• What insect-repelling chemicals are found in the wood of redwood trees?

A mother and father have two daughters. The daughters have some similar and some different physical features. Which statement BEST explains why the girls’ physical appearance includes both similar and different features?

• one daughter received fewer genes than the other

• each daughter received a different number of genes from each parent

• the daughters received a random set of genes from both parents

• one daughter received all her genes from her father and the other daughter received all her genes from her mother

In the process of reproduction, hereditary information is passed from one generation to the next. Some organisms reproduce asexually. How does an offspring produced by asexual reproduction (mitosis) compare to the parent organism?

• its genetic information is completely different from the parent organism

• one-quarter of its genetic information is the same as the parent organism

• one-half of its genetic information is the same as the parent organism

• all of its genetic information is the same as the parent organism

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

There are two kinds of reproduction, asexual (mitosis) and sexual (meiosis). Which of the statements correctly states a difference between the two types of reproduction?

• Sexual reproduction involves transfer of genetic information, but asexual does not.

• Asexual reproduction involves meiosis, but sexual reproduction does not.

• Sexual reproduction requires two parent organisms, while asexual reproduction requires only one.

• Asexual reproduction produces new organism, while sexual reproduction does not.

Which statement is true about DNA?

• DNA is an exact copy from parent to offspring

• DNA is not necessary for an organism to reproduce

• DNA contains genes that determine specific traits for an organism

• Organisms create their own DNA sequence that is not like their parents

Reproduction in dogs requires two parents. What form of reproduction is this?

• sexual reproduction involving mitosis

• sexual reproduction involving meiosis

• asexual reproduction involving mitosis

• asexual reproduction involving meiosis

Hydra can reproduce through a process called budding, in which a single hydra forms small extensions on its body that pinch off and become new organisms that are identical to the parent. Which of these processes is involved in budding?

• crossing over

• fertilization

• meiosis (sexual reproduction)

• mitosis (asexual reproduction)

Every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits. Which statement best describes the hereditary information in a cell?

• Each chromosome contains a single gene

• A gene, but not a chromosome, is made of DNA

• A gene, but not DNA, is passed on to the next generation

• Genes are located on the chromosomes

The genetic code is determined by:

• the sequence of phosphates in DNA

• the sequence of sugars in DNA

• the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA

• the sequence of acids in DNA