Life At The Molecular Level

Which of the following macromolecules are a prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

Proteins are among the most diverse group of macromolecules because of the —

• different amino acids that can be connected in many sequences

• different types of bonds linking amino acids together

• energy phosphate groups that the amino acids contain

• link between each DNA base and an amino acid in a protein

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Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of —

• lipids

• enzymes

• carbohydrates

• polysaccharides

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Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both

• contain nitrogen

• provide insulation

• form cell walls

• store energy

Which of these is required for aerobic cellular respiration?

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• chlorophyll

• sunlight

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Which is true of enzymes?

• Enzymes are consumed in the reaction

• Enzymes lower the activation energy for the reaction

• Enzymes increase the amount of energy produced

• One enzyme can catalyze many different substrates

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• Enzymes bond with substrates to create the new reaction products.

• Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward.

• Enzymes act as products to create new chemical reactions.

• Enzymes act as substrates when the necessary proteins are unavailable

X + H20 ----> Y + O2

The formula shown represents the input and output of a process performed by the chloroplast of a cell. Which substance is most likely represented by Y?

• Glucose

• CO2

• ATP

• Light

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Which statement is true?

• Carbohydrates are converted into ATP by the mitochondrion.

• The mitochondrion uses the sun’s energy directly

• The main source of energy for photosynthesis is carbohydrates.

• The end products of photosynthesis do not provide energy for cellular respiration

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Which of the following is evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor?

• Their methods of respiration are alike.

• They use the same means of locomotion

• Their fossils were discovered in the same location.

• Many of their genes are the same.

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