Biology STAAR Category 1 Review

Which organic macromolecules are composed of chains of amino acids that join to form the structural components of organisms?

• carbohydrates
• nucleic acids
• proteins
• lipids

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which is the only structure you would expect to see when examining a prokaryotic cell with a compound microscope?

• nucleus
• chloroplast
• cell membrane
• mitochondria

Which cell part is present in eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotic cells?

• cell membrane
• cell wall
• cytoplasm
• nucleus

The ability to maintain a stable internal environment is called ________________.

• Metabolism

• Mitosis

• Heterozygous

• Homeostasis

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the capsid of a virus?

• the disease it causes
• the receptors to which it binds
• the genetic material
  
• its protein coat

What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?

• A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.
• A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.
• A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.
• A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.

Which of the following is a possible result of a disruption in the cell cycle?

• cancer
• photosynthesis
• cellular respiration
• protein synthesis

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Cell have several mechanisms for regulating their internal environments. Which of these mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis requires energy?

• osmosis

• diffusion

• active transport

• passive transport

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NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Which of the following is the only characteristic shared by living cells and viruses?

• the presence of carbohydrates
• the ability to reproduce
• the presence of the nucleic acid
• a cell membrane

This cell is undergoing mitosis.  What stage of mitosis is shown?

• prophase
• metaphase
• anaphase
• telophase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4