Calls for Reform

(1) What problem did an increase in farm production cause for American Farmers in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

• a surplus of farm products caused prices to drop, making it difficult for farmers to make a profit

• increased production damaged soil and led to the need to use more fertilizers

• farmers needed expensive equipment like tractors and plows to produce enough food to make a living

(2) What was the populist party? Why was it created?

• it was a political party created by poor white farmers, it was created to influence politicians to pass laws to limit unfair railroad practices and help farmers

• it was a political party created by women, it was created to influence politicians to pass laws to outlaw alcohol and give women the right to vote

• it was a political party created by progressive reformers, it was created to influence politicians to limit farm production, and outlaw labor unions

(3) Identify 6 reforms Populists wanted?

• Government control of all transportation and communications businesses, a graduated income tax, the direct election of senators, a secret ballot, laws protecting unions, and use of silver and gold to increase the money supply

• Government control of all farms, tariffs on all agricultural imports, state governors appointment of senators, open ballot, laws outlawing unions, and a national bank to control the money supply

(4) Which best describes what was the work week like for steel mill employees in the late 1890s?

• they worked about 12 hours per day, seven days a week, using dangerous machinery and often were injured due to the lack of safety rules

• they worked about 8 hours per day, five days a week, and were offered health care coverage to help cover any injuries they suffered while working

• they worked about 8 hours per day, five days a week,but were given overtime pay (extra pay) for any work done on weekends or in excess of 8 hours in one day

(5) What was a labor union? Why were labor unions formed in the late 1800s?

• organizations formed by groups of workers in order to negotiate with business leaders and politicians as a group rather than an individual

• groups of workers formed by large businesses to help them find qualified immigrants to work cheaply in their industries

• political groups formed by political machines who would be given jobs in exchange for voting for certain political leaders

(6) Which identifies four problems found in American cities progressive reformers tried to solve?

• political corruption, shortages of water, crime, and fire danger

• poor soil, overproduction of agricultural products, high transportation fees, and high interest bank loans

• famine, unemployment, lack of diversity, and shortage of workers

(7) Describe 5 Reforms made by state government such as Wisconsin.

• 1-The Initiative (people vote directly to propose new laws)

  2-The Referendum (people vote themselves to approve or disapprove new laws)

  3-Direct Primary (people vote to choose political candidates)

  4-States pass laws to regulate banks and railroads

  5-States pass laws to make business responsible for worker safety

• 5 other things

• IDK

(8) What were Muckrakers?

• writers and journalists who wrote stories about corrupt business practices and corruption in city and state governments

• a political party who formed aas a response to unfair working conditions in many cities

• immigrants who worked long hours in American factories for little pay

(9) Which best Identifies and describe 2 Muckrakers?

• 1-Ida Tarbell who wrote The History of the Standard Oil Company, which exposed the ruthless way Rockefeller destroyed his competition and "defrauded" the public

  2-Upton SInclair who wrote The Jungle, which detailed the unsanitary practices common in the Meat Packing industry-leading to the passing of the Meat Inspection Act

• 1-Theodore Roosevelt formed the Progressive or "Bull Moose" Party- he used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up the Standard Oil monopoly

  2-Howard Taft was Roosevelt's successor as President, he broke up more trusts than Roosevelt

(10a) Which best defines inflation?

• a sudden increase in prices

• political philosophy focused on meeting the needs of common people

• an organized event during which workers stop working until their employers meet their demands

• political philosophy that focused on using government to solve social, economic, and political problems