Carbon-14 from the remains had undergone 3 half-lives. How old are the remains?

• 5,730

• 17,190

• 22,920

• 11,460

The amount of time needed for half of a radioactive isotope sample to decay is called

• ion

• alpha decay

• half-life

• gamma rays

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Which layer of sediment is the oldest?

• the deepest

• closest to the surface

• middle layer

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One organism lives inside another, and both benefit. This is...

• endosymbiosis

• abiogenesis

• competition

• natural selection

Lynn Margulis theorizes that a bacterium living in another bacterium became...

• mitochondria

• chloroplast

• nucleus

• vesicles

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In the 1800s, Charles Lyell emphasized that

• the human population will outgrow the available food supply

• all populations evolve through natural selection

• Earth is only a few thousand years old

• past geological events must be explained in terms of processes observable today

The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that

• in the human population, people die faster than babies are born

• without certain checks on population size, there would soon be insufficient food for the growing human population

• in the 1700s, England needed more housing

• the majority of a species’ offspring die

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In the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin saw different species of finch on different islands. This led him to theorize that different species of finches.

• Create their own environment

• Can adapt to their environment

• Choose their best environment

• Are found in only one type of environment

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Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to

• being preserved as fossils

• providing humans with food

• surviving in the environments in which they lived

• swimming from South America to the Galápagos Islands

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Charles Darwin viewed the fossil record as

• evidence that Earth was very young

• useful support for his theory

• interesting but unrelated to the evolution of modern species

• evidence that traits are acquired through use or disuse

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