The traditional file environment does not typically have a problem with

• data inconsistency

• program-data independence.

• lack of flexibility in creating ad-hoc reports.

• lack of flexibility in creating ad-hoc reports.

• data sharing.

A(n) ________ is a characteristic or quality that describes a database entity.

• field

• tuple

• key field

• attribute

• relationship

________ creates confusion that hampers the creation of information systems that integrate data from different sources.

• Batch processing

• Data redundancy

• Data independence

• Online processing

• Data quality

Which of the following features enables a DBMS to reduce data redundancy and inconsistency?

• enforces referential integrity

• couples program and data

• data dictionary

• two-dimensional tables

• minimizes isolated files with repeated data

A DBMS makes the

• physical database available for different logical views.

• relational database available for different logical views.

• physical database available for different analytic views.

• relational database available for different analytic views.

• logical database available for different analytic views.

The logical view of a database

• displays the organization and structure of data on the physical storage media.

• includes a digital dashboard.

• allows the creation of supplementary reports.

• enables users to manipulate the logical structure of the database.

• presents data as they would be perceived by end users.

A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table's records is called the

• primary key.

• key field.

• primary field.

• unique ID.

• primary entity.

The specialized language programmers use to add and change data in the database is called

• a data access language.

• a data manipulation language.

• structured query language.

• a data definition language.

• a DBMS.

Big data does not refer to

• datasets with fewer than a billion records.

• datasets with unstructured data.

• machine-generated data (i.e. from sensors).

• data created by social media (i.e. tweets, Facebook Likes).

• data from Web traffic.

Which of the following technologies would you use to analyze the social media data collected by a major online retailer?

• OLAP

• data warehouse

• data mart

• Hadoop

• DBMS