observing learning and teaching

an indication that the student has noticed the feedback

• input

• uptake

• corrective feedback

• output

feedback more likely to be noticed if learners are oriented in a direction that is opposite to what they have become accustomed to in their instructional environment

• corrective feedback

• contrastive analysis hypothesis

• counterbalance hypothesis

• recast

explicit correction, recasts, clarification requests, metalinguistic feedback, elicitation, repetition

• counterbalance hypothesis

• types of corrective feedback

• private speech

• communicative orientation of language teaching

refers to at least three techniques that teachers use to directly elicit the correct form from the students:

1. it's a .........
2. how do we say x in English?
3. students formulate their own utterance

• recast

• explicit correction

• metalinguistic feedback

• elicitation

explicit provision of the correct from- teacher clearly indicates what the student said incorrectly 'oh you mean?'

• explicit correction

• metainguistic feedback

• recast

• elicitation

indicate to students either that their utterance has been misunderstood by the teacher or that the utterance is incorrect in some way and that a repetition or a reformulation is required

• metalinguistic feedback

• clarification request

• recast

• explicit correction

teachers' formulation of all or part of a student's utterance, minus the error.

• clarification request

• explicit correction

• elicitation

• recasts

Elicitation refers to the teacher's repetition of the student's erroneous utterance.

• true

• false

metalinguistic feedback contains comments, information, or questions related to the correctness of the student's utterance, without explicitly providing the correct form.

• True

• False

in display questions the teacher already knows the answer

• true

• false