Intro Evolution and Taxonomy Final Exam Review

The process by which organisms in nature with variations most suited to their local environment survive and leave more offspring.

• Common Descent

• Natural Selection

• Vestigial Structures

• Molecular similarities

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Characteristics that increase an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce. Can be body parts, color or behaviors.

• Natural Selection

• Adaptations

• Variations

• Fitness

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Differences in organisms of the same species

• Variations

• Fitness

• Adaptations

• Artificial Selection

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Individuals with the average phenotype are better fit for the environment than the organisms with the extreme phenotypes.

• Stabilizing Selection

• Directional Selection

• Disruptive Selection

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Individuals with one extreme phenotype have higher fitness and have more offspring than individuals with the average phenotype or the other extreme phenotype.

• Stabilizing Selection

• Directional Selection

• Disruptive Selection

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BOTH groups of organisms with extreme phenotypes are better adapted and have more offspring than the average organisms.

• Stabilizing Selection

• Directional Selection

• Disruptive Selection

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Idea that living species are descended with changes over time, from common ancestors.

• Natural Selection

• Artificial Selection

• Common Descent

• Fitness

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Structures inherited from ancestors that have lost much of the original size and function.

• Fossilized structures

• Vestigial structures

• Selected structures

What type of selection is shown?

• artificial

• directional

• disruptive

• stabilizing

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What type of selection is shown?

• artificial

• directional

• disruptive

• stabilizing

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