Unit 1- History + Research Methods

Who was denied the Ph.D. degree from Harvard because she was a woman?

• Mary Whiton Calkins

• William James

• Margaret Floy Washburn

• Edward Bradford Titchener

Psychology is currently defined as:

• the study of individual experience.

• the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

• the study of mental life.

• the scientific study of observable behavior.

Which of the following is NOT one of psychology’s three main levels of analysis?

• developmental

• social-cultural

• biological

• psychological

Naturalistic observations are conducted in order to:

• describe behavior.

• explain behavior.

• predict behavior.

• control behavior.

Dr. Garcia asks participants in her study to describe their experience as they smell an orange. Dr. Garcia’s method most closely resembles that of the early:

• pragmatists.

• Freudians.

• functionalists.

• structuralists.

John B. Watson is most likely to say:

• “A person needs unconditional love and acceptance in order to reach her true potential.”

• “A person’s behavior reflects unconscious conflicts and emotions that result from early childhood experiences.”

• “Emotional responses reflect biological processes such as hormones and brain chemistry."

• “Science must be rooted in observation of behavior, rather than introspective processes.”

Which of the following is the best way to generate a random sample of students for a research study?

• mail out a questionnaire that students could voluntarily complete and return

• stand by the door of the library and ask people who pass by to answer your questions

• offer extra credit for students in a particular classroom who choose to participate

• use a table of random numbers to pick participants from a student listing

Dr. Frye conducts research investigations on memory, with the intent of contributing to what is known about human memory processes. Dr. Frye conducts:

• professional service.

• applied research.

• basic research.

• psychiatry.

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between variables?

• positive .05

• negative .25

• positive .75

• negative .95

Which of the following represents the average score in a distribution?

• the mode

• the mean

• the median

• the standard deviation