Chapter 5: Causes and Consequences of Migration

Which best summarizes the migration process represented by the diagram?

• With European colonization and migration, positive aspects of European culture spread across the globe in spite of obstacles.

• In the process known as step migration, migrants move from rural to urban areas through a series of smaller moves, or steps.

• Each migration produces a counter migration of people returning to their country of origin.

• The gravity model predicts that most migrants will move to the closest large metropolitan area in search of economic opportunities.

• Migrants leave their homelands because of push factors and move to places with pull factors, but they often face barriers as they migrate.

Which statement best summarizes Zelinsky's model of migration in relation to the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)?

• High unemployment countries in Stage 4 and 5 of the DTM pushes migrants to Stage 2 and 3 countries in search of economic opportunity.

• Overcrowding in countries in Stage 2 and 3 of the DTM pushes migrants to Stage 4 and 5 countries in search of economic opportunity.

• Overcrowding in countries in Stage 4 and 5 of the DTM pushes migrants to Stage 2 and 3 countries in search of economic opportunity.

• A gender imbalance in countries in Stages 4 and 5 of the DTM pushes migrants to Stage 2 and 3 countries to find mates and start families.

• Overcrowding in countries in Stage 4 and 5 of the DTM pushes migrants to Stage 2 countries in a counter migration as large as the original migration.

Which statement best summarizes the difference between immigrants to the United States before and after 1930?

• Between 1830 and 1930 most U.S. immigrants were slaves; between 1930 and the present most were free persons.

• Between 1830 and 1930 most U.S. immigrants were wealthy; between 1930 and the present most were poor.

• Between 1830 and 1930 most U.S. immigrants were English speakers; between 1930 and the present most immigrants were non-English speakers.

• Between 1830 and 1930 most U.S. immigrants were from the Americas and Asia; between 1930 and the present most were from Europe.

• Between 1830 and 1930 most U.S. immigrants were Europeans; between 1930 and the present most were from the Americas and Asia.

According to the gravity model of migration, in which state and city of the United States would Mexican migrants be most likely to live?

• Florida and Philadelphia

• Texas and Los Angeles

• North Carolina and Chicago

• Georgia and Memphis

• Alabama and Washington, D.C.

Which is the most common negative impact of emigration on the country of origin?

• an increase in unemployment rates

• a decline in the crowded conditions of urban areas

• loss of farmers resulting in smaller food supply

• loss of working age population to another country

• an increase in the number of abandoned and homeless children

A person living in Town A moves three times, as shown in the diagram, and settles in Town D. This is an example of

• chain migration

• step migration

• distance decay

• intervening obstacle

• intervening opportunity

Which best illustrates counter migration?

• Chinese farmers migrating from a village to a small city and then to Beijing.

• Ethiopians migrating to Turkey and then to Germany.

• Italians migrating to France at the same time some French are migrating to Italy.

• Nigerians migrating to Ghana and then migrating back to Nigeria.

• Enslaved Africans being taken by force to Brazil and then voluntarily migrating to Argentina.

The clearest example of an ethnic enclave is a neighborhood where

• many Korean immigrants live and practice Korean culture

• the city provides special services to help immigrants learn English

• immigrants from several different countries live

• most businesses are owned by the children of immigrants

• the population is extremely diverse and multicultural