Unit 1 Vocabulary

(n) a proverb, wise saying

• churlish

• adage

• decree

• vigil

(adj) lacking politeness or good manners; lacking sensitivity; difficult to work with or deal with; rude

• churlish

• discordant

• laggard

• preclude

(n) a fortress that overlooks and protects a city; any strong or commanding place

• wrangle

• vigil

• excerpt

• citadel

(n) an order having the force of law; (v) to issue such an order; to command firmly or forcefully

• decree

• jostle

• preclude

• adage

(adj) disagreeable in sound, jarring; lacking in harmony, conflicting

• revert

• laggard

• churlish

• discordant

(n) a passage taken from a book, article, etc.; (v) to take such a passage; to quote

• excerpt

• revert

• hover

• plaudits

(v) to float or hang suspended over; to move back and forth uncertainly over or around

• hover

• wrangle

• decree

• preclude

(v) to make or force one's way by pushing or elbowing; to bump, shove, brush against; to compete for

• citadel

• churlish

• jostle

• wrangle

(n) a person who moves slowly or falls behind; (adj) falling behind; slow to move, act, or respond

• servile

• laggard

• citadel

• adage

(n. pl.) applause; enthusiastic praise or approval

• plaudits

• discordant

• hover

• servile