Chapter 12.8 Quiz Napoleon

. . . Even in places such as Holland, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and Illyria, where the Code [Napoléon] did not outlive the Empire, it made a strong imprint on the civil laws of the region. Abolition of the Code brought such confusion and chaos in certain countries that they returned to it. In the Italian peninsula, for example, the Two Sicilies in 1812 and Parma, Modena, and Sardinia later adopted codes derived from the Code Napoléon. The code of the Kingdom of

Italy, adopted in 1864, likewise had its source in the Napoleonic Code. The Belgians, who were incorporated in the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1815 to1830, fought so strongly for the Napoleonic Code that, even after they had

broken away, Holland in 1838 adopted a code based on Napoleon’s. The Code Napoléon so impressed governments, even those which did not adopt it, that the 19th century became the great century of legal codification. In addition to the countries mentioned above, Austria, Portugal, Spain, Germany, and Turkey all adopted civil codes. But that of Napoleon easily predominates in the civil-law, as opposed to common-law, world. . . .

The Code contributed greatly to Napoleon’s achievement of helping France turn away from the past. It cemented the ideas of freedom of person and of contract (including the

right to enter any occupation), equality of all Frenchmen, and freedom of civil society from ecclesiastical [religious] control. As the first truly modern code of laws, the Code Napoléon for the first time in modern history gave a nation a unified system of law applicable to all citizens without distinction. By providing uniformity of laws it further promoted the national

unity fostered by the Revolution. Its entire outlook gave a further impulse to the rise of the bourgeoisie. A threatened disintegration of the family under the Convention and Directory was sharply halted, and the family once again became the most important social institution. . . .

_{Source: Robert B. Holtman, The Napoleonic Revolution, J.B. Lippincott from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Exam, January 2005.}

According to this passage, why was the Napoleonic code a major turning point in history?

• Many countries began to adopt civil codes

• Many nation states transitioned from an absolute monarchy to a democracy

• Many nations began to guarantee freedom of speech

• European nation states became modernized

. . . Even in places such as Holland, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and Illyria, where the Code [Napoléon] did not outlive the Empire, it made a strong imprint on the civil laws of the region. Abolition of the Code brought such confusion and chaos in certain countries that they returned to it. In the Italian peninsula, for example, the Two Sicilies in 1812 and Parma, Modena, and Sardinia later adopted codes derived from the Code Napoléon. The code of the Kingdom of

Italy, adopted in 1864, likewise had its source in the Napoleonic Code. The Belgians, who were incorporated in the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1815 to1830, fought so strongly for the Napoleonic Code that, even after they had

broken away, Holland in 1838 adopted a code based on Napoleon’s. The Code Napoléon so impressed governments, even those which did not adopt it, that the 19th century became the great century of legal codification. In addition to the countries mentioned above, Austria, Portugal, Spain, Germany, and Turkey all adopted civil codes. But that of Napoleon easily predominates in the civil-law, as opposed to common-law, world. . . .

The Code contributed greatly to Napoleon’s achievement of helping France turn away from the past. It cemented the ideas of freedom of person and of contract (including the

right to enter any occupation), equality of all Frenchmen, and freedom of civil society from ecclesiastical [religious] control. As the first truly modern code of laws, the Code Napoléon for the first time in modern history gave a nation a unified system of law applicable to all citizens without distinction. By providing uniformity of laws it further promoted the national

unity fostered by the Revolution. Its entire outlook gave a further impulse to the rise of the bourgeoisie. A threatened disintegration of the family under the Convention and Directory was sharply halted, and the family once again became the most important social institution. . . .

_{Source: Robert B. Holtman, The Napoleonic Revolution, J.B. Lippincott from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents Exam, January 2005.}

Which historical development most influenced the widespread adoption of the Napoleonic Code?

• Age of Enlightenment

• Industrial Revolution

• Haitian Revolution

• Scientific Revolution

How did nationalism impact Napoleon’s conquest of Europe?

• Many Europeans saw Napoleon and his armies as foreign oppressors and fought back to save their countries.

• Most nations became more nationalistic after welcoming Napoleon and the ideas of the French Revolution.

• France became less nationalistic despite Napoleon’s success on the battlefield.

• Nationalism across most of Europe waned as Napoleon’s armies conquered many nations.

Based on this map, identify a political impact of Napoleon’s conquests in Europe.

• The French empire directly or indirectly controlled most of Western Europe

• The French empire lost colonies

• France controlled Sicily

• Napoleon’s empire grew through peaceful treaties with neighboring powers.

Which event occurred after the circumstances illustrated in this map?

• The Age of Enlightenment

• Fall of the Roman Empire

• Congress of Vienna

• National Assembly meets for the first time

What is the “Enduring Issue” which applies to the Congress of Vienna redrawing the Map Europe after Napoleon was exiled?

• Golden Age

• Long Distance Trade

• Power

• Propaganda

One way in which Robespierre and Napoleon are similar is that they both

• played an important role at the Congress of Vienna

• increased their power during the French Revolution

• were executed for treason by French monarchs

• led armies against the Haitians

Which factors helped cause the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?

• the severe winters and large size of Russia

• the many rivers and mountains of Russia

• the coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders

• the well-trained and well-supplied Russian army

One major effect of Napoleon’s rule of France was that it led to

• an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church

• massive emigration to the Americas

• trade agreements with Great Britain

• a restoration of political stability

At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to

• restore old regimes to power

• spread the idea of democracy

• encourage nationalist movements

• promote the European free-trade zone