Chemistry - 1st Quarter Summative Review

Which part of the atom is responsible for chemical reactions?

• protons

• neutrons

• electrons

• the nucleus

Valence electrons are: 

• Electrons farthest away from the nucleus
• Electrons closest to the nucleus
• Electrons that just come and go - they don't stay with the atom
• Electrons in the second shell

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What is the atomic number?

• the number of protons
• the number of protons and neutrons
• the number of neutrons
• the number of protons and electrons

Some of the alpha particles fired at the gold foil were deflected at angles.  This was due to...

• reflection of the alpha source when it it the fluorescent screen.
• The alpha particles hitting the gold nucleus.
• Repulsion forces between the positively charged nucleus and the positively charged alpha particles. 
• A mis-firing of the alpha source

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Most of the alpha particles went straight through the gold foil.  This suggested that....

• There is no interference between alpha and gold.
• Most of the atom is made up of empty space.
• The alpha particles were very tiny.
• None of the above

Elements in the same ___________ of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons. 

• class 
• group 
• period 
• row 

The first person to ever talk about an atom was

• Democritus
• Rutherford
• Dalton

What contribution did John Dalton make to atomic theory? 

• He discovered that every atom was positively charged. 
• He discovered that every element consisted of one type of atom.  
• He discovered that atoms had nuclei. 
• He discovered that atoms could be divided into smaller parts. 

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What quantities vary between isotopes of an element?

• protons, electrons, and atomic mass
• protons, electrons, and atomic number
• neutrons and electrons
• neutrons and atomic mass

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Four isotopes of lead include lead-204, lead-206, lead-207, and lead-208.  The average atomic mass of lead is 207.2.  Which isotope of lead is likely to be the most abundant.

• 204
• 206
• 207
• 208

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1