Environmental Science: Chapter 5-2

Place where an organism lives

• habitat

• population

• ecology

The ecological niches of three bird species are shown in the diagram. What is the advantage of each bird species having a different niche?

• As more birds feed higher in the tree, available energy increases.
• More abiotic resources are available for each bird.
• Predators are less likely to feed on birds in a variety of locations.
• There is less competition for food.

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Two closely related species of birds live in the same tree.  Species A feeds on ants and termites, while Species B feeds on caterpillars.  The two species coexist successfully because –

• each occupies a different niche
• they interbreed 
• they use different methods of reproduction
• birds compete for food

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An organism’s _______ describes not only the environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment.

• biome
• community
• tolerance
• niche

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The resources a population actually uses as a result of competition.

• niche
• realized niche
• fundamental niche
• competition

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A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed...

• Mutualism 
• Competition
• Parasitsm 
• Commensalism 

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit. 

• Mutualism 
• Competition
• Parasitsm 
• Commensalism 

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

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Honey guide birds alert and direct badgers to bee hives.  The badgers then expose the hives and feed on the honey first.  Then the honey guide birds eat.  

• mutualism
• commensalism
• predation
• competition

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A tick and a dog have this type of relationship.

• mutualism
• commensalism
• neutralism
• parasitism