12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes

This scientist(s) found a "transforming principle" that changed harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria

• Mendel
• Avery
• Chargraff
• Griffith

The scientist(s) who settled the debate about whether it was proteins or DNA that was the genetic material of bacteriophages______________.

• Avery

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Griffith

The scientist(s) who discovered dominant and recessive traits

• Mendel
• Avery
• Griffith
• Watson & Crick

This scientist(s) conducted experiments that involved injecting mice with S bacteria and R bacteria.

• Avery
• Griffith
• Watson & Crick
• Hershey & Chase

The first scientist to perform multiple tests on the transforming principle, to determine if it was DNA or protein

• Griffith
• Chargraff
• Avery
• Hershey

Avery added an enzyme known to break down proteins (proteases) to his extract, and saw that the bacteria were ____________________

• still transformed

• not transformed

• all killed

• all sick

Avery added an enzyme known to break down DNA to his extract, and saw that the bacteria were __________________

• still transformed 
• not transformed
• all sick
• all killed

From his work with mice and pneumonia-causing bacteria, Frederick Griffin coined the term

• Replication
• Transcription
• Transformation
• Translation

By using radioactive isotopes, Hershey and Chase were able to conclude that __ is/are the carrier(s) of genetic information.

• DNA

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

What organism was Griffith using when he discovered that a harmless strain of bacteria could transform into a lethal strain of bacteria?

• pea plants
• fruit flies
• bacteriophages
• mice