Unit 4 Test Review/Study Guide: How Communities Change

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• ecological succession
• secondary succession
• intermediate

What is the goal of the pioneer species in Primary Succession?

• To kill the dead materials after a disaster
• To rebuild soil
• To feed Johnny
• To put fresh oxygen into the air

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

• Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
• Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
• Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
• Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

Reaches a climax community quicker because soil is already present

• primary succession 
• secondary succession
• both types of succession

A pioneer species is...

• a large organism
• the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 
• The best organism 
• Abiotic organisms 

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

• To create rocks
• To create soil and add nutrients to the environment 
• To look nice
• Food for animals 

Succession that occurs in an area with NO SOIL

• ecological succession 
• primary succession 
• secondary succession
• pioneer speciles

Everything an organism does and when and where it does it

• Niche
• Competition
• Habitat
• Generalist

Have wide tolerance range; have ability to live in a wide array of habitats or use a wide array of resources

• Specialist
• Generalist

Minimize competition by using (1) slightly different resources or (2) their shared resources in different ways is 

• Resource Partitioning
• Character Displacement