Rapid Changes to Earth's Surface

Volcanoes create new land on the Earth’s surface when –

• lava flows then cools and hardens to form rock.

• an eruption destroys the side of a mountain.

• magma forms giant underground chambers.

• saltwater touches lava and changes into steam.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following most likely caused the change to the Earth's surface illustrated?

• landslide

• thunderstorm

• sinkhole

• earthquake

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of these most likely caused the rapid change to the Earth's surface illustrated here?

• landslide

• volcanic eruption

• mountain building

• sandstorm

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A landslide is most likely to be caused by –

• strong winds

• breaking rocks

• heavy rains

• cold weather

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A student gathered some rocks and soil to model the effects of a landslide. What is the best way to model how a landslide changes the Earth’s surface?

• Pack the materials into a closed container and shake them rapidly.

• Sift the materials through a strainer to separate the rocks and soil.

• Place the materials on a sloping surface and pour water on them.

• Spread the materials on a flat surface and blow on them with a straw.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which would be an example of a rapid change to the Earth’s surface?

• A mountain's top cracking open due to volcanic eruptions.

• A valley getting deeper as a river runs through it.

• A plain forming cracks when hot weather makes it dry.

• A hill rising as the wind piles up loose sand.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A volcano can directly change Earth’s surface by —

• adding heat to the atmosphere.

• building up layers of hardened lava.

• releasing water vapor into the air.

• shooting out clouds of ash and smoke.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following is one way an earthquake affects the Earth?

• Large cracks suddenly form in the ground.

• A big rock slowly moves across the land.

• Hills of sand form as the wind blows.

• A large amount of heat rises into the air.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following best describes how earthquakes change the Earth’s surface? Earthquakes –

• throw rocks and ash into the air.

• force lava through holes in the ground.

• violently shift the surface of the earth.

• cause clouds to form and rain to fall.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which events force melted rock from deep in the Earth toward the surface and build it up on the earth’s surface?

• landslides

• volcano eruptions

• earthquakes

• mountain building

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2