Volcanism (Chapter 18)

What are all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, and gases?

• Volcanism

• Plate Tectonics

• Continental Drift

• Seafloor Spreading

What is an unusually hot area in Earth's mantle where high-temperature plumes of mantle material rise toward the surface?

• Hot Spot

• Flood Basalt

• Fissure

• Ocean Ridge

What are the formations created when lava flows out of fissures?

• Hot Spot

• Flood Basalt

• Pluton

• Deep Sea Trench

What are long cracks in Earth's crust called?

• Hot Spot

• Flood Basalt

• Fissures

• Deep Sea Trench

What is the tubelike structure where lava reaches the surface?

• Conduit

• Crater

• Caldera

• Vent

What is an opening where lava emerges?

• Conduit

• Crater

• Caldera

• Vent

What is a bowl-shaped depression, around the vent, at the top of a volcano?

• Conduit

• Crater

• Caldera

• Vent

What are larger depressions around the vent of a volcano called?

• Conduit

• Crater

• Caldera

• Vent

What is a broad volcano with gently sloping sides built by nonexplosive eruptions of basaltic lava that accumulates in layers?

• Shield Volcano

• Cinder Cone

• Composite Volcano

What is a steep-sided, generally small volcano that is built by the accumulation of tephra around the vent?

• Shield Volcano

• Cinder Cone

• Composite Volcano