Science Unit 4 (Energy Transformations) Test Review

Four students were asked to classify the activities of the people at a swimming pool as examples of either potential or kinetic energy.Which student correctly classified the activities?

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The drawing shows two identical airplanes at an air show. The airplanes are flying at the same speed. Airplane W is flying 50 m higher than Airplane X. Which statement best describes the energy of the two airplanes?

• Airplane W has a greater kinetic energy than Airplane X.

• The two airplanes have the same gravitational potential energy but different kinetic energies.

• Airplane X has more gravitational potential energy than Airplane W.

• The two airplanes have the same kinetic energy but different gravitational potential energies.

A bicycle rider is traveling up a hill. When the rider reaches the top of the hill, she stops to rest. Then she travels down the hill. The diagram shows the rider in the three different positions. Which of these correctly describes the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the bicycle rider?

• When the rider is at the top of the hill, her potential energy is the greatest, and her kinetic energy is the least.

• As the rider moves up the hill, her kinetic energy increases, and her potential energy decreases.

• When the rider goes down the hill, her potential energy increases, and her kinetic energy decreases.

• As the rider reaches the bottom of the hill, her kinetic energy and her potential energy decrease.

The energy related to the motion of an object is called —

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

• electrical energy

• chemical energy

According to the above diagram, at what point would the roller coaster car have the greatest potential energy?

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• 4

• 5

• 6

Which of the following examples represents the GREATEST amount of potential energy?

• the spring on a screen door fully stretched

• water spilling over a cliff

• yeast growing in a Petri dish

• a helium balloon rising in the air

Which of the following objects has the most potential energy?

• a rolling ball

• a boulder at the edge of a cliff

• a car going through a green light

• a skydiver that is free-falling from an airplane

Two Great Snipe birds are migrating. Both birds have a mass of 100 g and are flying at 90 km per hour. Bird R is flying 2.0 km above the ground, and Bird Q is flying 2.5 km above the ground. Based on the information above, which statement best describes the energy of the two birds?

• Bird Q and Bird R have the same kinetic energy and potential energy.

• Bird Q and Bird R have the same kinetic energy but different potential energy.

• Bird Q and Bird R have no kinetic energy but have the same potential energy.

• Bird Q and Bird R have the same potential energy but different kinetic energy.

A cook heats a meal in a microwave oven. What energy transformations occur between the microwave oven and the meal?

• electrical energy---light energy---chemical energy

• chemical energy---thermal energy---light energy

• electrical energy---electromagnetic energy---thermal energy

• chemical energy---electromagnetic energy---chemical energy

Which action in a science lab transforms electrical energy to heat energy?

• warming liquid in a test tube over a bunsen burner

• using a hot plate to boil a beaker of water

• growing plants on a window sill

• mixing two chemicals