Ch.6 Learning

According to the text, learning involves

• the ability to think abstractly.

• a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience

• the development of prosocial behavior.

• a reduction in extrinsic motivation

• acquiring knowledge that can be recalled explicitly or implicitly

Monica's psychotherapist reminds her so much of her own father that she has many of the same mixed

emotional reactions to him that she has to her own dad. Her reactions to her therapist best illustrate the

importance of

• habituation.

• latent learning

• generalization.

• delayed reinforcement.

• shaping.

In classical conditioning, the

• neutral stimulus is presented before the unconditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned stimulus elicits the conditioned response.

• neutral stimulus elicits salivation

• unconditioned stimulus is the same as the conditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned response produces the conditioned response.

B. F. Skinner's work elaborated what E. L. Thorndike had called

• shaping.

• behaviorism.

• observational learning.

• the law of effect.

• latent learning.

Children often learn to associate pushing a vending machine button with the delivery of a candy bar. This best illustrates the process underlying

• intrinsic motivation.

• respondent behavior.

• spontaneous recovery.

• operant conditioning.

• latent learning.

The researcher most closely associated with the study of classical conditioning is

• Edward Thorndike.

• Edward Deci.

• B. F. Skinner.

• Albert Bandura.

• Ivan Pavlov

An animal trainer is teaching a miniature poodle to balance on a ball. Initially, he gives the poodle a treat for approaching the ball, then only for placing its front paws on the ball, and finally only for climbing on the ball. The trainer is using the method of

• successive approximations.

• delayed reinforcement.

• latent learning.

• classical conditioning.

• secondary reinforcement.

Which of the following is an unconditioned response?

• playing jump rope

• running through a maze to get a food reward

• sweating in hot weather

• clapping after a thrilling concert performance

• getting money as a reward

The infant Albert developed a fear of rats after a white rat was associated with a loud noise. In this example, fear of the white rat was the

• US

• UR

• CS

• CR

• SA

Conditioning is the process of

• discrimination.

• spontaneous recovery.

• learning associations.

• observational learning.

• generalization