Which pull factor accounted for much of Chinese immigration to the United States in the mid-1800s?

• An opportunity for free land in the Midwest

• The prospect of religious freedom

• An economic boom in the West

• The possibility of a free education

In the 1840s, thousands of Irish immigrants came to the United States seeking to escape-

• a civil war between Protestants and Catholics

• a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop

• a series of violent conflicts between the British and Irish governments

• a series of smallpox epidemics

Which sentence best completes this diagram?

• Cities grew rapidly.

• Demand for artisans increased.

• Farms experienced a shortage of labor.

• Government regulation of factories increased.

Which group was responsible for these contributions to American culture?

• Chinese Americans

• African Americans

• German Americans

• Italian Americans

During the early 1800s many young women in New England were employed outside their homes as-

• crew members on cargo ships

• cloth weavers in textile mills

• staff reporters for local newspapers

• legal counselors in state courts

How did this invention contribute to the expansion of the plantation system?

• By reducing the number of slaves needed for growing cotton

• By increasing the time needed to cultivate cotton

• By increasing the profitability of slavery

• By reducing the demand for raw cotton

Which box lists some results of improved steamboat technology in the United States as of the mid-1830s?

• 
• 
• 
• 

The innovation shown in this photograph most affected the U.S. economy by-

• decreased the need for canals

• allowing more efficient movement of goods

• reducing the costs of settling in western territories

• transporting workers from southern states to northern states

The Bessemer steel process affected westward expansion in the United States by enabling-

• clipper ships to be built in order to transport passengers from the East Coast to the West Coast

• interstate canal systems to be built in order to carry people and goods to the West

• Conestoga wagons to be built in order to carry people and goods to the West

• railroads to be built in order to carry people and goods to the West

The invention discussed in this article led directly to-

• the expansion of educational opportunities for women

• rapid communication of information to distant locations

• the increased ability of people to work at night

• rapid population growth in the western territories