Chapter 12

the extension of a nation’s power over other lands

• imperialism

• protectorate

• racism

• direct rule

the belief that race determines a person’s traits and capabilities

• direct rule

• protectorate

• racism

• imperialism

a political unit that depends on another government

• imperialism

• protectorate

• direct rule

• racism

colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status

• racism

• direct rule

• indirect rule

• protectorate

colonial government in which local elites are removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the colonizing country

• direct rule

• indirect rule

• protectorate

• racism

What did Western nations hope to gain by establishing new colonies after 1880?

• languages and cultures to add to their own

• additional ideas for their own industries

• more people to add to their population figures

• raw materials for their industries and markets to sell their products

France was motivated to take over Vietnam by its economic ambitions as well as by

• a sincere desire to help Vietnam.

• rivalry with Britain.

• desire for Laos.

• a fear of Siam.

Why did the United States fight so hard to defeat the Philippine guerrilla forces?

• to gain a connection to the markets of China

• to show Spain that the United States was in control

• to defeat the Japanese

• to protect Americans in the Philippines

Citizens of the colonies probably preferred indirect rule over direct rule because

• their taxes would be lower.

• the government would be more efficient.

• there would be fewer changes to their way of life.

• foreigners would not be living in their country.

Early resistance to colonial rule was based on

• anger at bad treatment.

• a desire for national independence.

• student movements for free tuition.

• the wish to become Westernized.