Science of Reading - Section 4

What precedent was set by the National Reading Panel in 2000?

• holding all students to practical literacy evaluations in order to inform reading research and instruction

• high standards of research quality in evaluating what is scientifically proven to work in reading instruction

• consulting stakeholders in planning and implementing programs to improve reading achievement

• flexibility and responsibility for developing accountability systems for reading research and instruction

The Reading First Initiative used coherent instructional design to encourage the use of scientifically based research as the foundation of reading instruction for kindergarten through 3rd grade. This initiative was the cornerstone for which educational act?

• Reading Excellence

• Every Student Succeeds

• No Child Left Behind

• Early Childhood Education

The years between kindergarten and 3rd grade are a relatively short window of time where students are learning how to read & working toward word recognition automaticity, but comprehension is still important, as well. Which is the most important strategy for building comprehension at this time?

• students take notes and draw visual representations as they read

• teachers provide a list of questions and potentially unknown words to students reading a new text

• students work together to write a concise summary after reading individually

• teachers pause to allow discussion and questioning while reading aloud to students

Which processor depicted within the Four-Part Processing Model of Word Recognition is ignored when the focus is on language comprehension?

• orthographic

• context

• phonological

• meaning

While demonstrating the various skills that form the continuum of phonological awareness, what strategy for helping students build these skills does Dr. Farone model?

• tapping up the arm with the opposite hand to draw attention to individual sounds

• finger counting each syllable present within a word

• drawing attention to how the mouth moves when sounds are made

• writing the spelling pattern that matches the phonemes

How many phonemes, or sounds, are in the word "fox"?

• one

• two

• three

• four

For children with dyslexia, neuroimaging has shown that there is a disruption in the area of the brain associated with which of the following processors?

• meaning

• context

• orthographic

• phonological

Phonological awareness, which is the ability to notice the sound structure of spoken words, is the foundation of phonics. Which of the following correctly describes phonics?

• an understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds

• an awareness of the relationship between spoken words and sentences

• the ability to manipulate the sounds that make up spoken languages

• the ability to identify words that make up spoken sentences and phrases

There are twenty-six letters in the alphabet, but how many individual sounds, or phonemes, does the English language have?

• twenty-six

• thirty-five

• forty-four

• fifty-four

According to Dr. Farone, what is most often the root of an older student's struggle with comprehension?

• labored decoding using too much energy and attention

• a lack of background knowledge and related vocabulary

• speech or processing related disabilities

• low interest in the subject of the text