Reading Information (RI.5.1-RI.5.4 & RI.5.8)

Read the passage, "Make a Pen and Ink Drawing," then answer the question.

Make a Pen and Ink Drawing Make a Pen and Ink Drawing Unlike a painter who can use many different colors of paints, a pen and ink artist uses only a pen, ink, and paper to show textures, shadows, and shapes. Here is a simple exercise that will show you some of the techniques used to make a pen and ink drawing. You will start with a page from a child’s coloring book. By using a drawing from a coloring book, you will not have to worry about drawing the shape of the object to begin with. Instead, you can learn about the ink artist’s techniques. You may be surprised to see how simple lines, dots, and dashes create shape, texture, and shading. Materials • A page from a coloring book—Try to use a simple design that would require about four or five colors to complete. • Pencil—Any sharp pencil will do. • Eraser—Use a soft, clean, white rubber eraser because it will not smear. Do not use the pink type of eraser on the end of a pencil. This type of eraser has grit in it and can damage the surface of the paper. • Pen with black ink—You can use a simple ballpoint pen with black ink to start. It is not necessary to use a special pen. If you like working with ink, you may want to buy a technical pen later. Do not use a felt tip pen or marker because the ink will smudge. Here is what you will do: Plan 1. Use your pencil to do some planning that you will erase once the drawing is complete. Try various patterns of lines or dots to fill in the sections of the coloring book picture. You will erase the pencil lines when you are finished. 2. Choose a different kind of line or mark to represent each color. For instance, you may decide to use a pattern of wavy lines in all the parts of the picture that you would ordinarily color green or dots for the sections that ordinarily would be colored blue. Use only one pattern for a section. Notice the effects made by different patterns. 3. Draw lightly so you can easily erase the pencil lines later. When you erase, do it gently. You don’t want to smudge, mar, or tear the paper. Begin 1. Once you have chosen the pattern for each section, you will begin to ink the drawing. Inking is the process of filling in the design with lines of all sizes and shapes using the pen and ink. If you are right-handed, start inking in the upper left-hand corner. This will prevent you from dragging your hand through the wet ink. If you are left-handed, start in the upper right-hand corner. 2. When you are finished, erase all of the pencil lines, but do not be in a hurry. Ink—even ballpoint ink— can take a while to dry. 3. Stand back and take a look at your pen and ink drawing. What do you think? Are you ready to try to do a pen and ink drawing of your own?

What could happen if a left-handed person did NOT follow directions in Section 1 of “Begin”?

• The drawing would be smeared.

• The design would not be complete.

• The pencil lines would be erased.

• The ink would not be dry.

Read the selection from, "Doughnuts."

"More than ten million doughnuts (or donuts) are sold annually in the United States. In the baked-goods category, their popularity is second only to bread. So, where did they come from? Doughnuts have been around for centuries. Petrified doughnuts have been found in prehistoric ruins. “Modern” doughnuts came to America from Holland with Dutch pilgrims and were called “olykoeks” (oily cakes). The first recorded recipes for doughnuts are from the mid-19th century. Originally doughnuts had a major problem. They never got fully cooked in the middle. The Dutch solved this problem by filling them with apples, prunes, and raisins. That way, the center of the doughnuts only had to be warmed."

Based on the information you just read, which states the main ideas?

• Doughnut recipes became were developed in the mid-nineteenth century.

• Doughnuts have been enjoyed for many years and have become very popular in the United States.

• Doughnuts have been called a variety of names, but calling them petrified doughnuts is very common.

• Doughnut recipes became so popular that chain doughnut stores began to buy individuals’ recipes to avoid competition.

Read the following sentence from the passage, "Bessie Smith."

Although Bessie’s career was short-lived, her legendary voice continues to live on through her music.

What does the word legendary mean as it is used in this sentence?

• famous

• smooth

• deep

• special

Read the passage, "The Community Library," then answer the question.

The library is an important part of the community. People go there to learn, meet with each other, and have fun. People of all ages can use the library, whether they are one year old or one hundred! Children at the Library Young children can enjoy the library. If you have a little brother or sister, you should bring them to the library with you. It is never too early to learn to love books. Children love to listen to stories so reading out loud and pointing out the pictures as you go can be fun. Maybe the children would like to look at kids’ magazines. The best magazines are the ones with large, simple words and bright pictures. Help young children turn the pages so that the magazine does not get ripped. Playing games on the computers at the library is another great activity that makes learning letters, numbers, shapes, and colors more interesting. Just make sure you follow internet safety rules for any online games. Adults at the Library Older people can enjoy the library, too. There are common things for students and adults to do at the library. You can have a meeting with people who share your interests. Some libraries have a special room just for that purpose. You can work on a project or just talk about things you like. If you want to find out about new things you can ask the librarians to help you find books and materials that cover the topic of interest. Since most libraries have computers available, you can use them to send an e-mail, play games, or look for information online. The library is free to use. Remember to be careful with the materials you use or borrow, so that other people can enjoy the library as much as you do!

What detail does the author include to show that people are encouraged to gather at the library?

• The author discusses the library being part of the community.

• The author talks about people working on a project together.

• The author shares that there is a special room for meetings.

• The author suggests people bring their siblings to the library.

Read the sentence from "Teeny Tiny Tardigrades."

If water bears can survive a visit to outer space, who knows what other creatures might live there?

Which sentence uses the word space as it is used in the sentence above?

• Each student was told to fill in every blank space with a letter.

• The astronauts will travel beyond Earth’s atmosphere into space.

• My sister needed her space to think about the job offer she received.

• That long key at the bottom of the keyboard is the space bar.

Read the excerpt from "Robert Fulton."

Robert Fulton was the son of a poor Irish farmer in Pennsylvania. He did not care much for books, but liked to draw pictures with pencils, which he hammered out of pieces of lead. Like most boys, he was fond of fishing. He used to go out in an old scow, or flat-bottomed boat, on a river near his home. He and another boy would push the scow along with poles. But Robert said, there is an easier way to make this boat go. I can put a pair of paddle-wheels on her, and then we can sit comfortably on the seat and turn the wheels by a crank. He tried it, and found that he was right. The boys now had a boat which suited them exactly. When Robert was seventeen, he went to Philadelphia. His father was dead, and he earned his living and helped his mother and sisters by painting pictures. He stayed in Philadelphia until he was twenty-one. By that time he had saved up money enough to buy a small farm for his mother, so that she might have a home of her own. Soon after buying the farm for his mother, young Fulton went to England and then to France. He stayed in those countries twenty years. In England Fulton built some famous iron bridges, but he was more interested in boats than in anything else. While he was in France, he made what he called a diving-boat. It would go under water nearly as well as it would on top, so that wherever a fish could go, Fulton could follow him. His object in building such a boat was to make war in a new way. When a swordfish attacks a whale, he slips round under him and stabs the monster with his sword. Fulton said, “If an enemy’s warship should come into the harbor to do mischief, I can get into my diving-boat, slip under the ship, fasten a torpedo to it, and blow the ship ‘sky high.’ ” Napoleon Bonaparte liked nothing so much as war, and he let Fulton have an old vessel to see if he could blow it up. He tried it, and everything happened as he expected: nothing was left of the vessel but the pieces. Then Fulton went back to England and tried the same thing there. He went out in his divingboat and fastened a torpedo under a vessel, and when the torpedo exploded, the vessel, as he said, went up like a “bag of feathers,” flying in all directions. The English people paid Fulton seventy-five thousand dollars for showing them what he could do in this way. Then they offered to give him a great deal more—in fact, to make him a very rich man—if he would promise never to let any other country know just how he blew vessels up. But Fulton said, “I am an American; and if America should ever want to use my diving boat in war, she shall have it first of all.” [The Beginners American History by D. H. Montgomery. Project Gutenberg, 2006. www.gutenberg.org/files/18127/18127-h/18127-h.htm#chap22 (06/10/2013).]

How did Fulton’s creativity affect his life?

• Fulton was asked by two countries to build his invention.

• Fulton was admired for his artistic iron bridges.

• Fulton became well-known for his paintings.

• Fulton became a famous American artist.