Viruses- Biology II

Which of the following supports the argument that viruses are nonliving?

• Their DNA does not encode proteins

• They have RNA rather than DNA

• They are not cellular

• They do not evolve

Viruses _____.

• use the host cell to copy themselves and then viruses to synthesize their own proteins

• metabolize food to produce their own ATP

• use the host cell to copy themselves and make viral proteins

• manufacture their own ATP, proteins, and nucleic acids

The host range of the virus is determined by ____.

• whether or not its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA

• the proteins on the surface and that of the host

• the enzymes carried by the virus

• the protein's in the hosts cytoplasm

Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?

• the viral genome replicates without destroying the host

• Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome

• a large number of phages are released at a time

• the virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations

Which viruses have single stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis?

• viroids

• bacteriophages

• retroviruses

• proviruses

What is the function or reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?

• it uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis

• it translates viral RNA into proteins

• it converts host cell RNA into viral DNA

• it uses viral RNA as a template for making complimentary RNA strands

The first class of drugs developed to treat AIDS, such as AZT, were known as reverse transcriptase inhibitors. They worked because they ___.

• bonded to the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme, thus preventing the virus from making a DNA copy of its RNA genome.

• prevented host cells from producing the enzymes used by the virus to replicate its genome

• bonded to the dsDNA genome of the virus in such a way that it could not separate for replication to occur

• targeted and destroyed the viral genome before it could be reverse transcribed into DNA

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus that requires reverse transcriptase to transcribe the genome inside the host cell?

• AIDS

• smallpox

• herpes

• influenza

Which of the following can be effective in preventing the onset of viral infection in humans?

• taking antibiotics

• taking vitamins

• taking drugs that inhibit transcription

• getting vaccinated

What are prions?

• tiny circular molecules of RNA that can infect plants

• misfolded versions of normal proteins that can causes disease

• viral DNA that attaches itself to the host cell genome and cause disease

• mobile segments of DNA