Unit 5 Test Earth's Layers

Imagine you could travel in a straight line through Earth from a point on one side and come out on the other side. What COMPOSITIONAL LAYER would you travel through in the exact center of Earth?

• core

• crust

• lithosphere

• mesosphere

Mountain ranges can be produced when tectonic plates collide and push areas of Earth’s crust to higher elevations. What is the correct term for this process?

• deposition

• erosion

• subsidence

• uplift

The diagram below shows Earth divided into five layers. Scientists divide Earth into these layers based on what properties?

• core properties

• physical properties

• chemical properties

• atmospheric properties

Diamond is a valuable mineral that is made up of carbon atoms arranged in a repeating pattern. This repeating pattern gives diamonds their hardness. Which of these characteristics do diamonds share with all minerals?

• extreme hardness

• rarity and high cost

• orderly crystal structure

• made up of carbon atoms

What is the relationship between magma and lava?

• They are both molten rock found at different depths below Earth’s surface.

• They are both types of solid material that spew out of a volcano.

• Lava is magma that has reached Earth’s surface.

• Magma is lava that has reached Earth’s surface.

The Rocky Mountains formed when the Pacific plate collided with the North American plate. Which of the following terms describes this process?

• ridge push

• divergent boundary

• transform boundary

• convergent boundary

What happens at a convergent tectonic plate boundary?

• Two tectonic plates collide with one another, causing subduction and/or mountain building.

• Two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other along Earth’s surface, forming long fault lines.

• One tectonic plate pulls apart into two new plates, forming a rift or ridge.

• Two tectonic plates pull away from one another, decreasing rock deformation.

Earth’s physical layers correspond to Earth’s compositional layers. Which part of the mantle is also part of the lithosphere?

• the fluid, hot part

• the rigid upper part

• the soft moving part

• the lower stationary part

These diagrams show the arrangement of silicon and oxygen atoms in two different materials. What makes the material in diagram A a silicate mineral?

• It contains oxygen atoms and atoms of at least one other element.

• It is made up of an orderly arrangement of silicon and oxygen atoms.

• It is made up of an orderly arrangement of more than one type of atom.

• It is made up of silicon and oxygen atoms that have not particular pattern.

Which of the following best describes the layer of Earth that tectonic plates are part of?

• part of Earth’s core

• part of Earth’s mantle

• part of Earth’s lithosphere

• part of Earth’s asthenosphere