Unit 5 Test Review

Which statement below best explains DNA replication?

• DNA replication occurs during interphase and duplicates the amount of DNA in a cells nucleus just prior to cell division.

• DNA replication happens during mitosis and is necessary for cells to replicate.

• Enzymes unwind DNA and match it with RNA.

• DNA replication occurs during cytokinesis creating many copies of the DNA.

Cells differentiate because they need to become specialized. Which is an NOT example below of how specialized cells have unique structure and function.

• Eyes are composed of rod and cone cells which change shape to allow light to move in and out of cells.

• Bacteria cells are small in size in order to easily diffuse in and out of the cytoplasm.

• Nerve cells have dendrites and axons, giving them a “pathway-like” shape which can be used to send and receive signals.

• Muscle tissue is shaped differently than skin tissue because muscle cells have to expand and contract.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the complementary RNA sequence for the following segment of DNA?

ACC TAG CGA

• ACC TAG CGA

• UGG AUC GCU

• TGG ATC GCT

• AGU GAU CCA

Which statement is true about cell differentiation? Cell differentiation

• causes cells to change type and become specialized.

• results in two new identical daughter cells.

• happens in all cells.

• occurs during cell division.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

All cells have the same genetic information, but do not express the same genes. How is this possible?

• The differences are due to gene expression, which can be turned on and off.

• Genetic material in a muscle cell is completely different from genetic material in a skin cell.

• Genetic material is the same in all cells in the human body, except for reproductive cells.

• Differences are due to major changes in genetic information from cell to cell.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-2

Which order of events is correct?

• Mitosis--> cell differentiation--> stem cells

• Stem cells --> zygote --> cell differentiation

• Zygote --> stem cells --> cell differentiation

• zygote --> cell differentiation --> mitosis

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which claim below accurately explains how the process of meiosis results in genetic variation?

• Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells which all contain identical DNA segments.

• Having two phases of meiosis allow for more unique cells to be produced.

• Meiosis is a form of asexual reproduction which leads to more genetic variation.

• Crossing over during metaphase I allows segments of DNA from 2 parents to swap and produce non-identical haploid cells.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A piece of mRNA has the code AUG GAA UCU AGG UAG. Look at the table. Which amino acids are coded in this strand?

• Methionine, Glutamic Acid, Serine, Arginine, STOP

• Methionine, Glycine, Serine, Aspartic Acid, STOP

• Methionine, Glutamic Acid, Serine, Asparagine, STOP

• Methionine, Glycine, Serine, Arginine, STOP

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

All our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNA.

• different

• similar

• exactly the same

• half the amount of

A change in the codon AGC to AGA represents what kind of mutation?

• Point Mutation

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Frame-shift

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2