APES Urbanization

Which of the following is NOT associated with urban sprawl in the United States?

• A. The average number of miles driven annually has tripled over the past 50 years.

• B. Suburban housing is mixed in with shopping and offices.

• C. Distance between work, goods, services, and home prevents pedestrian travel.

• D. Lower population densities make services such as mass transit economically prohibitive.

• E. Air pollution increases due to reliance on personal vehicles for transportation.

How does induced demand contribute to urban sprawl?

• A. It creates a positive feedback loop involving the shift of goods and services away from cities.

• B. It creates a negative feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services away from cities.

• C. It creates a positive feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services toward cities.

• D. It creates a negative feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services toward a city.

• E. It creates a positive feedback loop involving tax revenue to build roads which leads to urban

  exodus.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

Eminent domain, sometimes used to assist in smart growth, permits

• A. citizens to seek compensation for being over-taxed.

• B. citizens to seek compensation if government practices are leading directly to urban blight.

• C. governments to force land use restrictions on citizens to prevent urban blight.

• D. governments to force land use restrictions on citizens to prevent any environmental problems.

• E. governments to acquire land at fair market value even if the owner does not wish to sell it.

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NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

Factors that increase the spread of infectious diseases include all of the following EXCEPT

• (A) flooding, which contaminates water supplies

  with raw sewage

• (B) global warming, which can transfer carriers

  of disease from tropical to temperate areas

• (C) introduction of insect vectors, which transmit

  disease

• (D) exposure to neurotoxins, which affect the

  endocrine system

• (E) rural poverty, which causes people to move

  into urban areas

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

Which of the following best exemplifies global collaboration for a sustainable environment?

• The Montreal Protocol

• The Antarctic Treaty of 1961

• The Clean Air Act of 1972

• CERCLA (Superfund)

• NAFTA

Recent studies have found that fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less can have negative human health effects. Which of the following correctly links a negative human health effect to an anthropogenic source of fine particulate matter?

• (A) High rates of respiratory disease from power

  plant emissions

• (B) High rates of skin cancer in urban areas with

  sewage treatment plants

• (C) High rates of asthma from salt spray in

  coastal communities

• (D) High rates of genetic deformities from

  additives in food supplies

• (E) High rates of obesity from exposure to waste

  from meatpacking

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-6

Which of the following laws gave the EPA the authority to control hazardous waste from“cradle-to-grave”, including the generation,transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste?

• (A) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

• (B) Endangered Species Act (ESA)

• (C) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)

• (D) National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

• (E) Pollution Prevention Act (PPA)

Of the phenomena that correlate with the data above, the one

that is the most direct consequence of the trend in air travel is

• (A) the increase in the spread of infectious diseases

• (B) the increase in urban sprawl

• (C) the decrease in biodiversity

• (D) the increase in hypoxic aquatic ecosystems

• (E) the decrease in the total fertility rate of developed nations

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-6