Ch 7

What is biotechnology?

• use of technology to isolate and purify cell membrane proteins

• use of biologically based machines to harvest crops

• use of enzymes in manufacturing

• use of technology to isolate and modify biological molecules to achieve practical benefits

• use of technology to regulate gene expression and treat diseases that result from over-expression

Tags

NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

Bacteria use restriction enzymes to:

• synthesize DNA.

• synthesize RNA.

• synthesize protein.

• destroy foreign protein.

• destroy foreign DNA.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a lab technique that ultimately results in which of the following?

• the ability to transfer genes using plasmids

• a large clone library

• duplication of a small strand of DNA into billions of copies

• the isolation of a particular gene from a donor species

• the use of a radioactive probe to isolate a gene from a gene library

When creating a gene library, how is recombinant DNA introduced into bacterial cells?

• viral vectors

• gel electrophoresis

• plasmids

• DNA polymerase

• restriction enzymes

A recombinant plasmid created during a recombinant DNA experiment:

• carries and allows expression of a foreign gene of interest.

• can be used to insert bacterial genes into a human.

• consists only of extra-chromosomal bacterial DNA.

• functions to remove specific genes from a plant.

• is used in whole organism cloning.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

CRISPR is used for:

• post-transcriptional control.

• manipulation of protein folding.

• gene editing.

• RNA editing.

• drug delivery.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What role does Cas9 play in CRISPR?

• It leads RNA to the target gene to be sliced.

• It creates a copy of the target gene.

• It creates a clone of the target bacterium.

• It cuts the target gene in a specific location.

• It leads researchers to the gene of interest.

You are a researcher who wants to inactivate the gene in mosquitoes that allows them to host the malarial parasite. What biotechnology tool would be best suited for this task?

• polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

• cloning

• CRISPR

• creating a gene library

• chopping DNA with restriction enzymes

The combination of DNA from two or more sources is called:

• RNA.

• 2-DNA.

• biotechnology.

• human growth hormone.

• recombinant DNA.

Which of these describes a genetically modified organism?

• an organism that divides asexually

• an organism that can mate with any other species because of DNA technology

• an organism that has been genetically altered for agricultural applications

• an organism that has at least one gene from another species inserted into its DNA

• corn that no longer resembles ancestral corn due to many generations of selective breeding