EOC Review- Biochemistry and Cell Stucture

Chimpanzees digest plants more easily than humans, due to a symbiotic relationship with bacteria. What complex carbohydrate is this bacteria most likely digesting?

• cellulose

• fructose

• glucose

• starch

Which two organelles are most important in the production of proteins in a cell?

• nucleus and ribosomes

• ribosomes and lysosomes

• nucleus and mitochondria

• ribosomes and golgi bodies

Which best describes the DNA containing structures in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Both cells have DNA, but no true nuclei to surround the DNA.

• Both cells have nuclei that contain DNA, just with different DNA structures.

• Eukaryotes have a true nuclear membrane that surrounds its DNA, where prokaryotes do not.

• Prokaryotes have a true nuclear membrane that surrounds its DNA, where eukaryotes do not.

Which structure does the nucleus rely on to help regulate what enters and exits the nucleus?

• the cell wall

• the cytoplasm

• the nuclear membrane

• the plasma membrane

A cell is having difficulty with one of its organelles. Many enzymes are not being produced. Which organelle is most likely damaged?

• centriole

• ribosome

• mitochondrion

• cell membrane

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which organelles are most helpful in distinguishing between plant and animal cells?

• nucleus and chloroplast

• chloroplast and cell wall

• cell membrane and nucleus

• cell membrane and cell wall

Antibiotics work by attaching to a bacteria's ribosomes and disabling them. Why is this harmful to the bacteria?

• They cannot copy their DNA.

• They cannot make the proteins they need.

• They can no longer make food through photosynthesis.

• They have plasmids which can no longer be shared with other bacteria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which organelle would be found in large quantities in muscle cells?

• centriole

• vacuole

• ribosome

• mitochondrion

Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?

• Anaerobic cellular respiration

• Protein synthesis

• Aerobic cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Most of the cell membrane is made of...

• Lipids
• Carbs
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids