AP Biology Gene to Protein/Gene Regulation

The non-coding segments of RNA that lie between coding regions in an mRNA sequence.

• Exons

• RNA splicing

• Sticky ends

• Introns

A sequence of 50-250 adenine nucleotides added onto the 3' end of a pre-mRNA molecule to protect the coding region from being degraded by enzymes.

• 5' cap

• Poly-A tail

• Triplet code

• Codons

A DNA sequence in eukaryotic promoters crucial in forming the transcription initiation complex. (Transcription factors, RNA Polymerase, activators, etc)

• Transcription factors

• Transcription

• Genetic engineering

• The TATA box

The DNA sequence that signals the end of transcription (third part of a gene)

• What is the termination sequence?

• What is a transcription unit?

• What are transcription factors?

• What is the initiation sequence?

The DNA strand that that gets copied during transcription and provides the pattern for the sequence of nucleotides in an RNA transcript.

• Template strand

• Triplet code

• DNA ligase

• Transcript

An enzyme that pries the two strands of DNA apart and joins together RNA nucleotides to the DNA template strand.

• RNA polymerase

• DNA ligase

• Triplet code

• Codons

Put these in the correct order from first to last in translation:
Elongation
Termination
Initiation

• 1) Elongation 2) Initiation 3)Termination
• 1) Initiation 2) Termination 3) Elongation
• 1) Initiation 2) Elongation 3) Termination
• 1) Elongation 2) Termination 3) Initiation

Which of these is not a part of mRNA processing

• 5' cap
• chromatin packaging
• 3' Poly A tail
• splicing

What 3 nucleotide sequence on tRNA binds with the mRNA molecule?

• Amino Acid

• tRNA

• Anticodon

• Codon

Transcription starts with ________ and results in ________.

• DNA / mRNA
• mRNA / DNA
• mRNA / tRNA
• mRNA / Amino Acid Chain