Quiz about Biology EOC Review

Question 1

What type of cell has a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

eukaryotic

Answer

prokaryotic

Question 2

What process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?

Accepted Answer

differentiation

Answer

genetic engineering

Answer

survival of the fittest

Answer

selective breeding

Question 3

what is the function of a lysosome?

Accepted Answer

To remove waste using digestive enzymes from the cell

Answer

To create energy for the cell

Answer

To command the cell what to do

Answer

To protect the cell

Question 4

Produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its functions

Accepted Answer

mitochondria

Answer

ER

Answer

Golgi bodies

Answer

vacuoles

Question 5

If a strand reads:
3' A A A T T T C 5'
The matching strand would read...

Accepted Answer

5' T T T A A A G 3'

Answer

3' T T T A A A G 5'

Answer

5' A A A T T T C 3'

Answer

3' U U U A A A G 5'

Question 6

This picture is illustrating the ____ nature of DNA.

Accepted Answer

anti-parallel

Answer

deoxyribosic

Answer

helical

Answer

radioactive

Question 7

Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?

Accepted Answer

The old strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands

Answer

Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands

Answer

ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion

Answer

Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process

Question 8

which process is shown?

Accepted Answer

translation

Answer

diffusion

Answer

repiration

Answer

recombination

Question 9

Which process?

Accepted Answer

transcription

Answer

mutation

Answer

respiration

Answer

translation

Question 10

The central dogma of biology states that information flows in one direction from

Accepted Answer

DNA to RNA to proteins

Answer

nuclei to RNA to cytoplasm

Answer

ribosomes to proteins to DNA

Answer

genes to nuclei to ribosomes

Question 11

Chain of amino acids is called...

Accepted Answer

Polypeptide

Answer

Amino Acid

Answer

Monomer

Answer

Polymer

Answer

Protein

Question 12

Normal body temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. At 40 degrees Celsius, your biological enzymes will...

Accepted Answer

Denature (change shape and break down)

Answer

Function optimally

Answer

Wait until the temp. increases

Answer

Wait until the temp. decreases

Question 13

Which is Metaphase?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

E

Answer

F

Question 14

In mitosis, the two resulting cells are

Accepted Answer

identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.

Answer

different from the starting cell and identical to each other.

Answer

different from the starting cell and different from each other.

Answer

identical to the starting cell and different from each other.

Question 15

Meiosis results in

Accepted Answer

four unique daughter cells

Answer

two unique daughter cells

Answer

four identical daughter cells

Answer

two identical daughter cells

Question 16

What type of cells have not begun to differentiate into specialized cells?

Accepted Answer

stem cells

Answer

gametes

Answer

somatic cells

Answer

neurons

Question 17

Which statement correctly lists the stages of mitosis in order?

Accepted Answer

R, P, Q

Answer

P, R, Q

Answer

Q, R, P

Answer

P, Q, R

Question 18

The diagram below represents a cell and some molecules in its environment. Which molecule would require the use of energy in order to be brought into the cell?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 19

Where will the water go?

Accepted Answer

Out of the cell

Answer

Into the cell

Answer

Equally in & out - it's isotonic

Answer

There is no water

Question 20

Why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than skin cells?

Accepted Answer

muscle cells use more energy than skin cells

Answer

to increase oxygen production in muscles

Answer

to ensure more carbon dioxide is released

Answer

muscle cells use less energy than skin cells

Question 21

Which of the sentences below best describe the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

In photosynthesis, plants use light energy to transform water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.

Answer

In photosynthesis, plants absorb water through their roots.

Answer

In photosynthesis, plants make chlorophyll, the pigment in the leaves.

Answer

Through photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen through their leaves.

Question 22

Which of the following statements best describes the flow of energy in the model?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts convert light energy to glucose, and mitochondria convert glucose to chemical energy (ATP).

Answer

Light energy is converted to chemical energy through cell respiration.

Answer

Water is converted to oxygen, and vice versa.

Answer

MItochondria produce light energy, which chloroplasts use for photosynthesis.

Question 23

Which type of respiration is most efficient?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic

Answer

Anaerobic

Question 24

If the diploid number of carrots is 18, the haploid number is

Accepted Answer

9

Answer

18

Answer

27

Answer

36

Question 25

Why do we need meiosis?

Accepted Answer

To halve the number of chromosomes going into sex cells

Answer

To double the number of chromosomes going into sex cells

Answer

To triple the number of chromosomes going into sex cells

Answer

To not change the number of chromosomes going into sex cells

Question 26

What process, and which type of resulting cells are represented?

Accepted Answer

meiosis, gametes

Answer

mitosis, gametes

Answer

mitosis, body cells

Answer

meiosis, body cells

Question 27

What are homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Pairs of chromosomes with the same genes on each.

Answer

Pairs of chromosomes with different genes on each.

Answer

Pairs of chromosomes with no genes.

Answer

Pairs of chromosomes with the wrong genes on each.

Question 28

This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?

Accepted Answer

crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged

Answer

segregation of sister chromatids

Answer

condensation and segregation of alleles

Answer

mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered

Question 29

What is the big advantage of sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Can adapt to changing environments

Answer

Can quickly grow the population

Answer

Offspring are guaranteed to be successful in an unchanged environment.

Answer

Only one parent is required to reproduce.

Question 30

Mutations that effect gametes and that will be passed on

to the next generation

Accepted Answer

Genetic change

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Apoptosis

Answer

Cell membrane

Question 31

Failure of homologous chromosomes

to separate during meiosis.

Results in gametes with either one extra or one missing chromosome.

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Question 32

In order for offspring to get a genetic mutation, the mutation must occur in what type of cell?

Accepted Answer

Cells like eggs or sperm cells that are undergoing reproduction.

Answer

Cells with no nucleus.

Answer

Any body cell after birth.

Answer

Cells with no cell wall or cell membrane.

Question 33

What type of heredity is shown in the pedigree?

Accepted Answer

Sex-Linked Recessive

Answer

Sex-Linked Dominant

Answer

Autosomal Dominant

Answer

Autosomal Recessive

Question 34

The pedigree is showing a _____________ trait.

Accepted Answer

autosomal recessive

Answer

autosomal dominant

Answer

sex linked recessive

Question 35

What is the genotype of the mother?

Accepted Answer

Bb

Answer

BB

Answer

bb

Answer

BB or Bb

Question 36

This is a __ trait.

Accepted Answer

autosomal dominant

Answer

autosomal recessive

Answer

sex-linked recessive

Question 37

What type of heredity is shown in the pedigree?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal Recessive

Answer

Sex-Linked Dominant

Answer

Sex-Linked Recessive

Answer

Autosomal Dominant

Question 38

What is the genotype of the father?

Accepted Answer

AA

Answer

aa

Answer

Aa

Answer

AA or aa

Question 39

This trait is recessive.  What is the genotype for person II-1?

Accepted Answer

Gg

Answer

GG

Answer

gg

Answer

can't be determined

Question 40

Give the genotype for person III-3

Accepted Answer

gg

Answer

GG

Answer

Gg

Question 41

organs or skeletal elements of animals and organisms that, by virtue of their similarity, suggest their connection to a common ancestor. These structures do not have to look exactly the same, or have the same function.

Accepted Answer

Homologous Structure

Answer

Analogous Structure

Answer

Vestigial Structure

Answer

Molecular Homology

Question 42

Serves no useful purpose in the modern organism but did in its ancestral form.

Accepted Answer

Vestigial Structure

Answer

Analogous Structure

Answer

Homologous Structure

Answer

Adaptation

Question 43

If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?

Accepted Answer

species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor

Answer

species A evolved independently of species B for a long period

Answer

species A is younger than species B

Answer

species A is older than species B

Question 44

What conclusion can you draw from the fact that many modern whale species have vestigial pelvic and leg bones?

Accepted Answer

The ancestors of whales may have been land mammals

Answer

Whales could walk if they wanted to

Answer

Whales are preparing to evolve into land animals

Answer

Someday whales will be able to walk and will have legs

Question 45

How can the pattern of change in the fossil record best be explained?

Accepted Answer

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. A large, sudden change occurred in their environment. After the change the mollusks with the bigger shells were better adapted for the new environment.

Answer

The mollusks were well adapted to their stable environment. The mollusks hybridized with a smaller species of mollusk. A new species of mollusk with a bigger shell resulted.

Answer

The mollusks were not well adapted to their environment. The length of the mollusks' shells changed gradually over time. The mollusks in the original population that had small shells died over a period of many years.

Question 46

A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.

Accepted Answer

Genetic Drift

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Non-random mating

Answer

Mutation

Question 47

Five hundred years after the deer had established a flourishing population in the park, a few of them venture back to their original woods and have babies with the deer there.

Accepted Answer

Gene flow

Answer

Genetic Drift

Answer

Mutations

Answer

Non-random mating

Question 48

What does the image represent?

Accepted Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Founder effect

Answer

Bottleneck effect

Answer

Mutations

Question 49

Which organisms are most likely to survive?

Accepted Answer

the best adapted

Answer

the fastest

Answer

the strongest

Answer

the most domesticated (tamed)

Question 50

Gene Flow tends to ___________ genetic variation (diversity)

Accepted Answer

Increase

Answer

Decrease

Answer

Stabilize

Answer

Exaggerate

Question 51

Bahamian female birds preferred mating with white-feathered males and produces more white-feathered offspring than dark feathered offspring. Which process apples to this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Non-Random Mating

Answer

Gene Flow

Answer

Natural Selection

Answer

Mutation

Question 52

In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?

Accepted Answer

90%

Answer

80%

Answer

10%

Answer

20%

Question 53

Which animal is not the top predator but, a predator to a mouse?

Accepted Answer

snake

Answer

hawk

Answer

rabbit

Answer

grass

Question 54

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

Accepted Answer

Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil

Answer

Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants

Answer

Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria

Answer

Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

Question 55

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

Accepted Answer

secondary succession

Answer

primary succession

Answer

eutrophication

Answer

intermediate

Question 56

Which would result in primary succession?

Accepted Answer

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

Answer

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

Answer

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

Answer

limiting factors

Question 57

What is happening in step
1?

Accepted Answer

Animals are breaking down organic molecules and releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Answer

Animals are decomposing and realizing carbon into the soil.

Answer

Animals are releasing energy into the environment and storing carbon.

Answer

Animals are turning carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic molecules.

Question 58

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen fixation

Answer

nitrogen composition

Answer

ammonia

Answer

denitrification

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