Unit 8 Reconstruction

During Reconstruction, why was the Freedmen's Bureau established?

• to rebuild lines of communication and transportation in southern states

• to promote ratification of the 13th Amendment banning slavery in the United States

• to give assistance to anyone affected by the war, especially the former slaves

• to give economic assistance only to those deemed as native South Carolinians

In what way did the sharecropping system that developed during Reconstruction resemble slavery?

• It tied many African American farmers to land owned by white men.

• It often required that families be separated from each other.

• It did not give African Americans anything in exchange for their labor.

• It involved corporal punishment on a regular basis.

Even though the 13th, 14th, and 15thAmendments were added to the Constitution, why did African Americans continue to experience discrimination?

• The amendments did not address voting rights.

• State governments did not know about the new amendments.

• State legislatures in the South passed Black Codes.

• Southern governors declared the amendments to be illegal.

What enabled the Radical Republicans to push their plans for Reconstruction through Congress?

• the impeachment of Andrew Johnson

• the creation of a Republican majority after the 1866 elections

• the election of Ulysses S. Grant

• refusal to seat Democratic congressmen from the South

How did actions by the federal governmental contribute to African Americans in the South getting trapped in a cycle of poverty?

• Federal legislation prevented freed slaves from attending school.

• The Freedmen’s Bureau was instrumental in implementing the sharecropper system.

• Federal courts upheld southern state laws barring freed slaves from landownership.

• President Johnson vetoed laws that would have granted freed slaves the right to own farms

What were the small South Carolina farmers who supported the Republicans after the Civil War known as?

• Freedmen

• Confederates

• Scalawags

• Carpetbaggers

Why did plantation owners encourage former slaves to become sharecroppers?

• The plantation owners were concerned the former slaves would not find other jobs.

• The plantation owners wanted the former slaves to experience what it was like to own a farm.

• The plantation owners felt the former slaves needed to learn new skills before seeking other jobs.

• The plantation owners wanted to remain politically, socially, and economically superior to the former slaves.

The Hamburg Massacre of 1876 is evidence of which idea?

• White citizens were willing to use violence to protect the rights of black citizens.

• The federal government's use of the military was an effective way to stop violence.

• As Reconstruction ended, clashes between blacks and whites were intensifying.

• Black citizens were able to form powerful militias to protect their own rights.

What is true about the national and state elections in South Carolina in 1876?

• Both elections resulted in continued Republican control of the government.

• Both elections were not resolved.

• Both elections were marred by violence and assassinations.

• Both elections were marked by voter fraud and irregularities.

The Ku Klux Klan, Red Shirts, and Riflemen terrorized African Americans in South Carolina and other southern states. Why were their crimes largely unpunished?

• They were seen as heroic because they only attacked minorities who were engaged in criminal activities.

• They were protected by local laws which gave them permission to punish those deemed unpatriotic.

• They attacked African Americans who resided in rural, sparsely populated areas.

• They were protected by local law enforcement officials who sympathized with their cause.