AP Biology Chapter 15 Review

What does a yellow spot mean in DNA microarray results?

• Gene is induced in cancer cells.
• Gene is suppressed in cancer cells.
• Gene is expressed the same in both cell types.
• Gene is NOT expressed in either cell type.

Why is complementary DNA used in microarray analysis?

• It is less stable.
• It holds more information.
• To incorporate fluorescent tags.
• To be able to bind to the DNA on the microarray chip.

Which is the first enzyme used in the production of cDNA?

• restriction enzyme

• reverse transcriptase

• DNA ligase

• DNA polymerase

If a gene is not expressed at all in your compared tissues during a DNA microarray, which color should you see?

• Black

• Red

• Green

• Yellow

The functioning of enhancers is an example of ...

• a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.

• transcriptional control of gene expression.

• post-translational control that activates certain proteins.

• the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.

Which of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?

• the binding of transcription factors to a promoter

• the binding of RNA polymerase to transcription factors

• the removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons

• the addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases of DNA

What is the role of a molecule that controls a repressible operon?

• bind to the promoter region and decrease the affinity of RNA polymerase for the promoter

• increase the production of inactive repressor proteins

• bind to the repressor protein and deactivate it

• bind to the operator region and block the attachment of RNA polymerase to the promoter

Which statement about DNA in one of your brain cells is true?

• The majority of genes are likely to be transcribed.

• Most of the DNA codes for protein.

• Many genes are grouped into operon-like clusters.

• It is the same as the DNA in one of your liver cells.

What would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind the operator?

• reduced transcription of the operon's genes

• continuous transcription of the operon's genes

• irreversible binding of the repressor to the promoter

• buildup of a substrate for the pathway controlled by the operon

Which of the following molecules, when taken up by the cell, binds to the repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator?

• inducer

• promoter

• corepressor

• repressor

• ubiquitin