Basic Biological Principals BIO A.1

Most prokaryotes and eukaryotes maintain a reserve of ATP. Which feature of prokaryotes and eukaryotes makes the ATP reserve necessary? (BIO.A.1.1.1)

• They have cell membranes.

• They can change over time.

• They use energy to function.

• They have the ability to reproduce.

Which statement best describes how antibiotics affect cellular homeostasis? (BIO.A.1.1.1)

• Antibiotics remove chloroplasts from plant cells to cause starvation.

• Antibiotics interfere with the transport of intracellular and extracellular materials.

• Antibiotics increase the rate of DNA replication in human cells by forming nucleotides.

• Antibiotics decrease the rate of cellular respiration in animal cells by producing oxygen.

Which structure and function are common to all plants and some protists and distinguish them from all animals? (BIO.A.1.2.1)

• chloroplasts that conduct photosynthesis

• mitochondria that conduct photosynthesis

• chloroplasts that conduct cellular respiration

• mitochondria that conduct cellular respiration

Which statement best describes a difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? (BIO.A.1.2.1)

• The presence of both DNA and ribosomes in prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells.

• The presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells.

• The larger size of prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells.

• The larger size of eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells.

A scientist observes a single-celled organism with several long, whip-like tails. Which function do the whip-like tails most likely perform for the organism? (BIO.A.1.2.2)

• defense against predators

• movement through an environment

• detection of the location of a light source

• measurement of atmospheric temperature changes

Alveoli are microscopic air sacs in the lungs of mammals. Which statement best describes how the structure of the alveoli allows the lungs to function properly? They increase the ________________________________. (BIO.A.1.2.2)

• amount of energy transferred from the lungs to the blood.

• flexibility of the lungs as they expand during inhalation.

• volume of the lungs, allowing more oxygen to be inhaled.

• surface area of the lungs, allowing efficient gas exchange.