Unit 6 Learning

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

• operant conditioning.
• reinforcement
• classical conditioning.
• vicarious conditioning.

Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes.

• Classical conditioning 
• Operant conditioning 
• Observational learning

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

• classical conditioning 
• operant conditioning 
• observational learning 
• none of the above

When Pavlov placed food in the mouth's of dogs, they began to salivate. The salivation was a(n) ________.

• unconditioned stimulus
• unconditioned response
• conditioned response
• conditioned stimulus

In Pavlov's experiment, the salivating to the sound of a bell is a(n)

• UCS
• UCR
• CS
• CR

When learning first takes place, we would say that __ has occurred.

• Acquisition
• Extinction
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Discrimination

The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to elicit similar responses is called

• Generalization
• Discrimination
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Acquisition 

The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli that does not signal a CR is called

• Classical Conditioning
• Discrimination
• Generalization
• Extinction 

The reinforcer, such as food, that gets the organism to continue a behavior is called __.

• Positive Reinforcement
• Primary Reinforcer
• Secondary Reinforcer
• Classical Conditioning

A little girl gets to eat dessert because she finished all the food on her plate. This is an example of:  

• Positive punishment
• Negative punishment
• Positive Reinforcement
• Negative Reinforcement