Ecology Unit Review

The diagram above represents relationships in an

ecosystem. What is the primary source of energy in

this environment?

• cellular respiration in the plants

• energy from minerals in the soil

• fossil fuels

• solar energy

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Five different living organisms are represented below.

Which statement about the organisms represented

above is correct?

• All of the organisms are autotrophs.

• Only the flowering plant, green heron, and

  aquatic plant carry out photosynthesis.

• Only the frog, aquatic plant and green heron are

  heterotrophs.

• Only the flowering plant and aquatic plant are

  autotrophs.

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Mistletoe is an evergreen shrub that can produce most

of its own food. Often, mistletoe can be found living

on trees and taking water and nutrients away from the

tissues of the trees. The relationship between

mistletoe and trees is an example of

• consumer/herbivore

• predator/prey

• scavenger/decomposer

• parasite/host

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What is one of the best ways to represent the

interdependence of all of the organisms in an

ecosystem?

• a cell model

• a food chain

• a diagram of the water cycle

• a food web

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A stable ecosystem can have high biodiversity

because each species in that ecosystem

• occupies a different niche

• inhabits a different environment

• is part of a different community

• lives in a different biosphere

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Throughout New York State, some farmers have

switched from growing a variety of vegetable crops to

growing a single crop, such as corn. Other farmers are

concerned that such a practice will make it more

likely that an entire crop could be lost to disease or

infestation by an insect pest. This is a valid concern

because this practice

• reduces the biodiversity of their fields

• increases the number of decomposers in their

  fields

• decreases the need to import food

• increases the number of invasive species

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Stability within an ecosystem is achieved partially by

the presence of organisms that break down important

molecules and make them available for other

organisms to use. These organisms are

• plants

• herbivores

• scavengers

• decomposers

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The bar graph below shows the number of species in

four pond ecosystems.

Based on this information, which ecosystem is likely

to be the most stable?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Many oak trees are cut down and removed from an

oak-hickory forest. A likely result of the direct

harvesting of the oak species would be the

• disruption of natural cycles

• conservation of these natural forest resources

• recycling of all the nutrients in the forest

• prevention of the extinction of animals native to

  the area

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The diagram below represents an energy pyramid.

Which type of organism could occupy levels B, C,

and D of this energy pyramid?

• consumer

• producer

• autotroph

• carnivore

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