Breast Cancer

What is the removal of a breast tumor and surrounding tissue to help treat breast cancer?

• mastectomy

• chemotherapy

• radiation therapy

• lumpectomy

Which is NOT an early sign of breast cancer?

• Lumps in the breast

• Change of shape or size of the breast

• Feelings of repeated nausea

• Skin changes on or around the breast

If cancer has metastasized, that means that it

• has disappeared from the body

• exists only in the place where it started

• has spread to other parts of the body

Which of the following is a local treatment for breast cancer?

• hormone therapy

• surgery

• chemotherapy

In situ breast cancer refers to

• cancer that has spread throughout the body

• cancer that has spread to local lymph nodes

• cancer that appears in only one place in the body

Which of the following are good prognostic factors in breast cancer?

• Grade III tumour

• estrogen receptor positivity

• HER 2 receptor overexpression

• Lymph node involvement

Which of the following is not necessary when a patient first presents with a breast lump?

• Fine needle aspiration (FNA)

• Examination of axillary lymph nodes

• Chest x-ray

Cancer is caused due to

• Controlled mitosis

• Uncontrolled mitosis

• Controlled meiosis

• Uncontrolled meiosis

Agents that can cause cancer known as

• Mutagen

• Carcinogen

• Oncogene

• None of above

Oncogenes are the cancer causing genes in cell but they do not express usually. This is because the presence of

• proto-oncogene

• tumor suppressor gene

• transcription factor