AP Stats Exam Review 2019

5% of trucks of a certain model have needed new engines after being driven between 0 and 100 miles.  The manufacturer hopes that the redesign of one of the engine's components has solved this problem.  Write the null and alternative hypotheses for this situation.

• Ho:  p< 0.05
  Ha:  p = 0.05
• Ho:  p = 0.05
  Ha:  p > 0.05
• Ho:  p = 0.05
  Ha:  p < 0.05
• Ho:  p > 0.05
  Ha:  p = 0.05

Who was the oldest elected president?

• Ronald Reagan
• Zachary Taylor
• Dwight D Eisenhower
• James Buchanan

A P-value indicates:

• the probability that the null hypothesis is true
• the probability that the alternative hypothesis is true
• the probability of the observed statistic given the null hypothesis is true
• the probability that the null is true given the observed statistic

The probability of observing a value for a test statistic at least as far from the hypothesized value as the statistic value actually observed if the null hypothesis is true is called...

• P-Hat
• One-Proportion z-test
• Z*
• P-Value

Which of the following is the FIRST step of a hypothesis test?

• Check assumptions & conditions
• Find your test statistic
• State your conclusion
• State your null & alternative hypotheses

Which of the following represents the appropriate null & alternative hypotheses?
The mean height of women is greater than 64"

• H₀: μ > 64"
  Hₐ: μ ≠ 64"
• H₀: μ = 64"
  Hₐ: μ > 64"
• H₀: p > 64"
  Hₐ: p ≠ 64"
• H₀: p = 64"
  Hₐ: p > 64"

A Type I error is when: 

• We obtain the wrong test statistic
• We reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true
• We fail to reject the null hypothesis when it's actually false
• We reject the alternate hypothesis when it's actually true

The measure of the strength, direction and form of the association can be measured by: 

• r²
• correlation
• linear regression
• S

A residual is: 

• Observed response value  - predicted response value
• Predicted response value - observed response value
• Predicted explanatory value - observed explanatory value
• Observed explanatory value - predicted explanatory value

When testing to see if a linear relationship exists between 2 quantitative variables, the null hypothesis would be: 

• μ=0
• p=0
• σ=0
• β=0