Absolutism and Enlightenment Vocabulary

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Locke

• Montesquieu

Which enlightenment thinker poked fun at traditional authority in society, government and the church? Supported religious toleration, freedom of speech and influenced leaders of American Revolution

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Locke

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote The Spirit of the Laws where he suggested the development of checks and balances

• Rousseau

• Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote "The Social Contract" which helped to inspire the democratic ideas of the French Revolution?

• Voltaire

• Hobbes

• Locke

• Rousseau

Which Enlightenment thinker wrote "The Wealth of Nations" and described a free-market economy where the government followed a "hands off" policy towards the economy

• Adam Smith

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• Hobbes

The transition from local economies during the Middle Ages to an economy with global trade, mercantilism, colonies, and free enterprise

• oligarchy

• commercial revolution

• joint-stock companies

• capital

What were absolute monarchs who tried to use Enlightenment ideas to reform their societies "from above" called?

• divine right

• oligarchy

• Enlightened despotism

• laissez-faire

this system was based on the belief that a nation's power was based on how much silver and gold it had--in order for a country to gain power, they had to gain it through war or trade and establishing colonies

• oligarchy

• free enterprise

• mercantilism

• joint stock companies

private individuals own and run businesses for profit without interference from the government; the market and competition determine prices and products sold, not the govt.

• socialism

• free enterprise

• democracy

• oligarchy

During the Reformation, this king of England took control of religion in his own land and built a large standing army.

• Thomas Hobbes

• Philip I

• Henry VIII

• Pope Urban II