Environment & Gene Expression

The environment will affect how your genes are expressed.

• True

• False

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What does this picture indicate about the trait of fur color on these Himalayan rabbits?

• Hair color is not an inherited characteristic

• Color of rabbit fur is caused by gene linkage

• Environmental conditions affect gene expression

• Genetic information in cells is not influenced by the outside environment

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Identical twin sisters both have the gene for freckles. One twin (Mary) spent the summer at an outdoor sports camp and the other twin (Rory) spent the summer at a science camp which was mostly indoors. Mary has more freckles than Rory at the end of the summer. What is the best explanation?

• Mary has a stronger freckle gene than Rory

• The environment affected the expression of the gene that controls for freckles

• The twins have two different genes for freckles.

• Having freckles is not an inherited trait

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In a certain type of corn, the kernels turn red when exposed to sunlight. In the absence of sunlight, the kernels remain yellow. Based on this information, it can be concluded that the color of these kernels is due to

• the effect of sunlight on the number of chromosomes inherited

• a different species of corn that is produced in sunlight

• a different type of DNA that is produced when sunlight is present

• the effect of environment on gene expression

Which statement provides the best evidence that the environment interacts with genes in the development and expression of inherited traits?

• Identical twins who have not been raised together show differences in height and weight

• Organisms produced asexually are genetically identical

• Mutations happen randomly and may be harmful or helpful to organisms

• People who have cancer can pass the defective gene on to their offspring

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Identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different homes may vary in height, weight, and intelligence. The most probable explanation for these differences is

• environments in which they were raised were different enough to change the genetic makeup of both individuals

• original genes of each twin increased in number as they developed

• environments in which they were raised were different enough to affect the expression of their genes

• one twin received genes only from the mother while the other twin received genes only from the father

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During the summer, the arctic fox produces enzymes that cause its fur to become reddish brown. During the winter, these enzymes do not function. As a result, the fox has a white coat that blends into the snowy background. This change in fur color shows that

• the expression of certain genes is affected by temperature

• random alteration of DNA can occur on certain chromosomes

• the genes of a fox are made of unstable DNA

• mutations can be caused by temperature extremes

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A human kidney cell and a human heart cell in the same person can have the same genetic instructions. However, these cells are different because the liver cell

• can reproduce but the skin cell cannot

• uses different genes than the skin cell

• carries out respiration but the skin cell does not

• has more dominant traits than the skin cell

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Which statement best explains the fact that some identical twins appear different from one another?

• Their DNA is essentially the same and the environment plays little or no role in the expression of their genes.

• Their DNA is very different and the environment plays a significant role in the expression of their genes.

• Their DNA is very different and the environment plays little or no role in the expression of their genes.

• Their DNA is essentially the same and the environment plays a significant role in the expression of their genes.

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The human heart and lungs contain cells that

• contain different #'s of DNA molecules

• have the same genetic information but perform different specialized functions

• produce a hormone involved in respiration

• use one part of the genetic code to synthesize all enzymes needed by the cell

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