TOPIC 1: Post Reconstruction, Industrialization, and Progressivism-

What was the primary reason for the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment (1869)?

• to punish the South for their secession from the Union

• to uphold the legality of the Black Codes

• to guarantee citizenship rights to the newly freed slaves

• to allow former Confederate officials to hold public office

What was the name given to laws that made it illegal in the Southern States for African Americans to hold public office, travel freely, or to serve on a jury?

• The Fourteenth Amendment

• The White Codes

• The Black Laws

• Jim Crow Laws

Which statement most accurately portrays the policy of the U.S. government toward Native Americans after the Civil War?

• Native American Indians must be encouraged to retain their customs

• Native American Indians need to be moved from tribal lands to reservations

• Settlers need to be educated about Native American Indian culture

• Management of Native American Indian affairs should shift to the states

How were many African Americans in the South affected by Jim Crow laws?

• They were guaranteed social equality

• They helped African Americans become Southern farm owners

• They placed major restrictions on the rights of African Americans

• They provided employment opportunities to African Americans

Jim Crow laws and the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson were similar in that both were designed to

• increase African American participation in Southern state government

• force Southern leaders to provide high-paying jobs to African Americans

• limit African American rights and liberties in the South

• encourage African Americans to obtain a college education

What was the ruling of the Plessy v. Ferguson case?

• Separate but equal

• Separate but unequal

What phrase did the Supreme Court use when it legalized segregation in Plessy v. Ferguson?

• that whites were "superior and different"
• that African Americans could be "separate but equal"
• that African Americans were "equal in the eyes of the law"
• that the Constitution provided "no civil rights protections under the law"

The separation of people based upon race or some other characteristic is referred to as?

• Assimilation 
• Civil Rights
• Segregation        
• Desegregation

a company taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product

• vertical integration

• horizontal integration

• social Darwinism

• nativism

the merging of companies that make similar products

• horizontal integration

• vertical integration

• urbanization

• tenement