Chapter 28: The Civil Rights Movement

What was the ruling in the case of Brown v. Board of Education?

• African Americans would not be able to attend the same schools as whites.

• Organizations to promote African American rights were illegal.

• Separate facilities were constitutional as long as they were equal in quality.

• Segregation in schools and other public facilities was illegal.

What kept the Little Rock nine out of Central High School on the morning of September 4, 1957?

• Congress halted efforts at gradual desegregation while it held an emergency session on a bill to legalize total desegregation.

• Eisenhower sent National Guard troops to keep the students from entering the facility until the protest died down.

• White protestors organized a non-violent sit-in at the entrance of the school, preventing class meetings.

• The governor of Arkansas used National Guard troops to block the students from entering the school.

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was founded to

• work for the election of more black politicians and leaders.

• protect the African American students at Central High School.

• continue the peaceful struggle for civil rights.

• organize sit-down strikes at restaurants in Greensboro.

The goal of the Freedom Rides was to

• allow African Americans and whites to spend time together and share their experiences.

• persuade the Supreme Court to overrule the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.

• show whites that African Americans were not afraid of violent attacks.

• convince President Kennedy to enforce a ruling against segregation in bus stations.

The purpose of the 1963 March on Washington was to

• encourage the participants in the Freedom Rides.

• show that many people endorsed the Voting Rights Act.

• protest the violent tactics used by the police in the South.

• show support for President Kennedy's civil rights bill.

Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech

• at the voting rights march in Selma.

• in defense of the Freedom Riders.

• while he was a Birmingham jail.

• at the March on Washington.

How did Malcolm X's ideas differ from those of Martin Luther King Jr.?

• Malcolm X believed it was acceptable to use violence in order to gain civil rights.

• Malcolm X felt that the teachings of Christianity should guide those involved in the civil rights movement.

• Malcolm X thought African Americans should prove themselves through hard work.

• Malcolm X believed that African Americans deserved the same rights as white Americans.

Which was a major issue for Native Americans in the 1960s?

• lack of voting rights in American elections.

• lack of control over tribal lands.

• forced attendance at segregated reservation schools.

• forced confinement on tribal lands.

After the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation was illegal, all public schools were ordered to desegregate within a year.

• True

• False

President Kennedy was not in favor of the civil rights movement and took steps to break it apart.

• True

• False