Evolution--Darwin's Theory

Who observed variations in the characteristics of plants and animals on different islands of the Galapagos?

• James Hutton

• Charles Lyell

• Charles Darwin

• Thomas Malthus

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Darwin studied the preserved remains of ancient organisms called

• homologous structures

• fossils

• vestigial structures

• adaptations

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What idea did Larmarck propose that was later proven to be incorrect?

• All species are descended from a common ancestor

• There is a relationship between an organism and its environment

• Living organisms change over time

• Acquired characteristics can be inherited

Which of the following would an animal breeder use to increase the number of cows that give the most milk?

• overproduction

• genetic isolation

• acquired characteristics

• artificial selection

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What accounts for the presence of marine fossils on mountaintops?

• erosion

• geological upthrust

• volcanoes

• earthquake

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An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called a(n)

• vestigial structure

• speciation

• analogous structure

• adaptation

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How well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment is described as

• common descent

• descent with modification

• fitness

• tolerance

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Which of the following is the correct way to summarize natural selection?

• overproduction, competition, variations, fitness, survive and reproduce

• overproduction, variations, competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

• competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

• variations, competition, fitness, survive and reproduce

Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue are called

• analogous

• homologous

• adaptations

• vestigial

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How does DNA provide evidence for common descent?

• similar proteins produced by each organism

• sequence of the amino acids is equal

• similar sequences of nucleotides

• similar sequences of monosaccharides

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