2019 Research II

Researchers find that there is a significant, positive correlation between the number of hours students sleep and their grades. The researchers would be justified in concluding that

• earning good grades causes people to sleep more

• sleeping more causes students to perform better in school

• students who earn good grades tend to sleep more than those who do not

• more sleep has a beneficial impact on students’ grades

• sleep deprivation has no impact on school performance

A researcher surveyed social adjustment in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, the group of 20 people surveyed was the study’s

• Sample

• Population

• Operational definition

• Control group

• Randomization

Which of the following studies demonstrates a cross-sectional research design?

• Testing the first graders, and testing them again when they are in third grade

• Testing first graders at the end of the school year

• Testing first, third, and fifth graders at the beginning of the school year

• Observing first graders as they test in two different subject areas

• Observing first graders as they interact with either third graders or fifth graders

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.

What is the dependent variable in this study?

• Sex of the children

• Duration of free play

• Type of television program viewed

• Level of televised violence

• Incidence of aggressive behavior

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.

What is the independent variable in this study?

• Incidence of aggressive behavior

• Type of television program viewed

• Sex of the children

• Number of groups

• Duration of free play

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.

This research method is best characterized as

• experimental

• correlational

• longitudinal

• naturalistic observation

• case study

Which procedure can reduce problems associated with the use of deception by a researcher?

• Debriefing

• Random sampling

• Random assignment

• Using only single-blind studies

• Using only double-blind studies

Dr. Lewis decided to study the television viewing habits of her students and therefore demanded that they complete and return a survey regarding their viewing habits. Which of the following ethical principles was clearly violated in this study?

• The right to have a copy of the results

• The right to have a copy of the survey

• The right to be protected from unnecessary

• The right to refuse to participate in the study

• The right to be informed of deception

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency that is most influenced by extreme scores

• Median

• Standard deviation

• Mean

• Analysis

• (E) Mode

A researcher conducts an experiment to test the claim that new drug Y is more effective than standard drug X in inhibiting arousal. The researcher randomly assigns participants to receive drug Y or drug X and subsequently measures arousal. In this experiment, participants receiving drug Y constitute the

• dependent variable

• confounding variable

• experimental group

• control group

• placebo group