AP Psychology History and Methods (Units 1 and 2) Review

After the events of 9/11, your friend suggested that the CIA and FBI should have foreseen the likelihood of this form of terrorism. According to her, all the clues were there. This perception most clearly illustrates:

• the false consensus effect

• the hindsight bias

• random sampling

• the placebo effect

This technique gathers self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people by questioning them randomly and representatively.

• Experiment

• Case Study

• Survey

• Exploratory study

This is a self-correcting process for asking questions and observing nature's answer.

• The observational method

• the theory method

• the scientific method

• the hypothetical method

Researchers cannot generalize findings unless their samples are random. In order for a sample to be truly random, every member of the entire group has to have an equal chance of being chosen to participate. Which of the following is an example of a random sampling procedure used to pick 100 participants for a research project?

• Design a Web site that has an online version of a questionnaire and include the first 100 people who complete the survey.

• Put an ad in the newspaper and pick the first 100 people who respond.

• Choose participants from the entire population of interest by putting all the names in a bowl, picking names one at a time until you reach 100, and involving as many of those 100 as possible.

• Send questionnaires to the entire population of interest and include the first 100 people who return the questionnaire.

A hypothesis is a prediction that is:

• Self-evident.

• Testable

• Founded in Semantics.

• Able to be replicated.

This is an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth.

• Survey

• Case Study

• Exploratory study

• Experiment

A researcher is interested in determining if infant crying and caretaker responses are different in developed and developing nations. She trains her research assistants to watch and record babies' behaviors in 3-minute increments, including variations in crying (e.g., whimpering, pain cries, etc.), as well as caregiver responses (e.g., holding, speaking, etc.). She then chooses 50 participants in four different countries to be included in her study. What type of research design is she using?

• Naturalistic observation

• Case study

• Survey research

• Correlation

A description of the specific procedure used to determine the presence of a variable.  Created so that the experiment can be replicated by others.

• operational definition
• independent variable
• controlled group

Careful observations of humans or animals in real life situations

• case study
• survey
• naturalistic observation

Repetition of the methods used in a previous experiment to see whether the same methods will yield the same results.

• validity
• research
• replication