AP Psych Unit 4.1 Review

Racial and ethnic stereotypes can sometimes bias our perceptions of others' behaviors. This best illustrates the impact of: 

• retinal disparity
• interposition
• top-down processing
• perceptual adaptation

Which of the following is true?

• Humans cannot sense stimuli below the absolute threshold.

• Humans cannot be affected by stimuli below the absolute threshold at all.

• Stimuli presented below the absolute threshold (subliminal) can have a subtle, brief effect on behavior.

• Stimuli presented below the absolute threshold (subliminal) exert a strong, powerful effect on behavior.

As we look at a flower, the intensity of the color we see is related to the light wave’s:

• amplitude
• hue.
• length.
• placement on the spectrum.

The eye’s “blind spot” is related to:

• light rays focusing too far in front of the retina.
• light rays focusing too far behind the retina.
• a cluster of cells around the fovea which contains cones, but no rods.
• an area without receptor cells where the optic nerve leaves the eye.

Rather than saying a person is “colorblind,” it would be more accurate to say that the person:

• has a blind spot.
• lacks red- or green-sensitive cones.
• is experiencing an overstimulation of the red- and green-sensitive cones.
• has an excess of blue-sensitive cones. 

What is umami?

• a savory, meaty taste sensation for which researchers recently discovered receptors on the tongue
• receptors on the tongue that respond only to bitter tastes
• receptors on the tongue that allow us to taste nutrients in food, such as proteins and vitamins 
• a condition in which there is a loss of the sensation of taste

As you talk with a friend at a party, her voice is distinct from all the other voices you hear.  This illustrates the perceptual principle of: 

• grouping.
• proximity.
• closure.
• figure-ground.

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of: 

• closure.
• proximity.
• continuity.
• convergence.

After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to perceive his friendly behavior as insincere and manipulative. This best illustrates the impact of: 

• perceptual sets.
• visual capture.
• bottom-up processing.
• sensory adaptation.

Researcher James Haxby (2001) stated, “We can tell if a person is looking at a shoe, a chair, or a face, based on the pattern of their brain activity.”  This statement is relevant to:

• sensory adaptation.
• feature detection.
• opponent-process theory.
• place theory.