Decolonization Review

In the 1940s, the leadership of the Indian National Congress and the leadership of the Muslim League supported the goal of

• helping the British fight World War II

• removing British control from the

  subcontinent

• abolishing caste distinctions and

  discrimination

• establishing a unified government based

  on religious teachings

The purpose of Mohandas Gandhi's actions such as the Salt March and the textile boycott was to

• begin a cycle of armed revolution

• draw attention to critical issues

• increase the strength of the military

• resist the power of religious leaders

One reason India gained its independence from Great Britain in 1947 was that

• Great Britain was defeated in World War II

• the Treaty of Versailles required Great

  Britain to give up its colonies

• Great Britain did not have the resources

  to maintain an empire after World War II

• India had supported the Axis Powers

  during World War II

Why did large numbers of Hindus and Muslims migrate immediately after India gained its independence?

• Many jobs were being outsourced

  overseas.

• The government offered housing

  incentives in newly developed areas.

• Religious pilgrimages to neighboring countries were required based on their beliefs.

• The subcontinent was divided into countries based primarily on the location of religious majorities.

"Don't pay your taxes or send your children to an English-supported school . . . Make your own cotton cloth by spinning the thread at home, and don't buy English-made goods. Provide yourselves with homemade salt, and do not buy government-made salt."

— Mohandas Gandhi

In this statement, Gandhi was expressing his commitment to

• armed rebellion

• civil disobedience

• criminal acts

• guerrilla tactics

What was one similar goal shared by Simon Bolivar and Mohandas Gandhi?

• ending foreign control

• promoting religious freedom

• establishing a limited monarchy

• creating collective farms

At the end of World War II, the British decided to partition the Indian subcontinent into the nations of India and Pakistan. What was a primary reason for this division?

• India had adopted a policy of nonalignment.

• Religious differences had led to conflicts between Hindus and Muslims.

• Most of India's valuable resources were located in the south.

• British India's Muslim minority controlled most of India's banking industry.

What nation is this? (It is not surrounded by water)

• India

• Algeria

• Ghana

• Kenya

What was "apartheid" ?    

• Nelson Mandela's middle name
• An african country
• a fatal disease
• Racial segregation

"I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended."

— Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Little, Brown and Co., 1994

When Mandela referred to "climbing a great hill," he was referring to the struggle to...

• end apartheid in South Africa

• modernize South Africa's economy

• end economic sanctions against South Africa

• stop majority rule in South Africa